The Kinetic Expansion of Solar-wind Electrons: Transport Theory and Predictions for the Very Inner Heliosphere

The Kinetic Expansion of Solar-wind Electrons: Transport Theory and Predictions for the Very Inner Heliosphere
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太阳风电子的动力学膨胀:日球层内部的输运理论和预测

DOI:
10.3847/1538-4357/ac4805
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
M. Bakrania
M. Bakrania
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Seong;D. Verscharen;C. Vocks;Joel B. Abraham;C. Owen;R. Wicks;A. Fazakerley;D. Stansby;L. Berčič;G. Nicolaou;Jeffersson A. Agudelo Rueda;M. Bakrania

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我们提出了一种关于日球层中太阳风电子动力学演化的输运理论。我们推导了一个陀螺平均的动力学输运方程,该方程考虑了太阳风的球形膨胀以及帕克螺旋磁场的几何形状。为了解决我们的三维动力学方程,我们开发了一种数学方法,它结合了速度空间中的克兰克 - 尼科尔森格式和位形空间中的有限差分欧拉格式。我们用各向同性的电子分布函数初始化我们的模型,并计算从5到20个太阳半径的日心距离处的动力学膨胀。在我们的动力学模型中,电子主要通过弹道粒子流、磁镜力和电场的组合而演化。通过对我们的数值结果进行拟合,我们量化了电子束流和电子速度分布核心部分的参数。束流拟合参数表明,在20个太阳半径的距离处,电子束流的密度约为总电子密度的7%,平行于背景磁场的束流整体速度和束流温度在15个太阳半径之外大致保持恒定,并且β∥s(即束流平行热压力与磁压力之比)随日心距离大致恒定,其值约为0.02。我们将我们的结果与帕克太阳探测器测量的数据进行了比较。此外,我们提供了理论证据,表明在近太阳环境中电子束流不会被倾斜的快磁声/哨声不稳定性散射。
We propose a transport theory for the kinetic evolution of solar-wind electrons in the heliosphere. We derive a gyro-averaged kinetic transport equation that accounts for the spherical expansion of the solar wind and the geometry of the Parker spiral magnetic field. To solve our three-dimensional kinetic equation, we develop a mathematical approach that combines the Crank–Nicolson scheme in velocity space and a finite-difference Euler scheme in configuration space. We initialize our model with isotropic electron distribution functions and calculate the kinetic expansion at heliocentric distances from 5 to 20 solar radii. In our kinetic model, the electrons evolve mainly through the combination of ballistic particle streaming, the magnetic mirror force, and the electric field. By applying fits to our numerical results, we quantify the parameters of the electron strahl and the core part of the electron velocity distributions. The strahl fit parameters show that the density of the electron strahl is around 7% of the total electron density at a distance of 20 solar radii, the strahl bulk velocity and strahl temperature parallel to the background magnetic field stay approximately constant beyond a distance of 15 solar radii, and β ∥s (i.e., the ratio of the strahl parallel thermal pressure to the magnetic pressure) is approximately constant with heliocentric distance at a value of about 0.02. We compare our results with data measured by the Parker Solar Probe. Furthermore, we provide theoretical evidence that the electron strahl is not scattered by the oblique fast-magnetosonic/whistler instability in the near-Sun environment.
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