Higher Nest Predation Favors Rapid Fledging at the Cost of Plumage Quality in Nestling Birds
Higher Nest Predation Favors Rapid Fledging at the Cost of Plumage Quality in Nestling Birds
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DOI：
10.1086/702856
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发表时间：
2019-05-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Rohwer, Vanya G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Callan, Lea M.;La Sorte, Frank A.;Rohwer, Vanya G.
高捕食风险有利于后代的快速发育，但牺牲了后代的质量。快速发展对表型质量的影响应该最容易表达在最小化适应性成本的性状中。我们假设，短暂的特征，更换或修复后，一段很短的时间的生活可能会表达权衡的质量，作为一个快速发展的结果，更强烈地比在整个生命中使用的特征。我们探讨了雏鸟身体羽毛的羽毛质量，这是一个短暂的特征。我们发现了一个很强的权衡，即雏鸟花更少的时间在巢中产生较低质量的羽毛与密集的倒钩相对于成人在123个温带和热带物种。对于这些物种的一个子集（n=67），我们发现，巢捕食的风险的变化解释了额外的变化，羽毛质量超过发展时间。最终，一个质量差的短暂性状，如雏鸟的身体羽毛，健身成本可能会超过健身的好处，较短的发展时间，减少捕食风险。与此同时，减少资源分配到小的适应度成本的性状，如短暂的性状，可以改善资源的限制，从快速发展的性状具有较大的适应度影响。
High predation risk can favor rapid offspring development at the expense of offspring quality. Impacts of rapid development on phenotypic quality should be most readily expressed in traits that minimize fitness costs. We hypothesize that ephemeral traits that are replaced or repaired after a short period of life might express trade-offs in quality as a result of rapid development more strongly than traits used throughout life. We explored this idea for plumage quality in nestling body feathers, an ephemeral trait. We found a strong trade-off whereby nestlings that spend less time in the nest produced lower-quality plumage with less dense barbs relative to adults across 123 temperate and tropical species. For a subset of these species (n=67), we found that variation in the risk of nest predation explained additional variation in plumage quality beyond development time. Ultimately, the fitness costs of a poor-quality ephemeral trait, such as nestling body feathers, may be outweighed by the fitness benefits of shorter development times that reduce predation risk. At the same time, reduced resource allocation to traits with small fitness costs, such as ephemeral traits, may ameliorate resource constraints from rapid development on traits with larger fitness impacts.