Falls prevention over 2 years: a randomized controlled trial in women 80 years and older
Falls prevention over 2 years: a randomized controlled trial in women 80 years and older
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DOI：
10.1093/ageing/28.6.513
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发表时间：
1999-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Buchner, DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Campbell, AJ;Robertson, MC;Buchner, DM
背景：1年后，一项以家庭为基础的力量和平衡再训练计划在减少80岁及以上女性的跌倒和受伤方面有效。在一项随机对照试验的头两个月里，运动计划由一名物理治疗师单独开出。目的：我们旨在评估该计划在两年内的有效性。背景：新西兰达尼丁的17项综合实践。受试者：完成一年试验的对照组和运动组妇女(最初的233人中有213人)被邀请继续进行一年。方法：对跌倒和对运动计划的依从性进行为期2年的监测。结果：控制组81人(74%)和运动组71人(69%)同意继续研究。两年后，运动组跌倒的比率仍然明显低于对照组。运动组所有跌倒的相对危险度为0.69(95%可信区间0.49-0.97)。跌倒导致中、重度伤害的相对危险性为0.63(95%可信区间为0.42-0.95)。与其他锻炼组相比，那些在2年时遵守锻炼计划的人在基线时有更高的体力活动水平，更有可能在研究前一年报告摔倒，并且在第一年保持比其他锻炼组更有信心不摔倒。结论：在家中进行个性化的锻炼计划可以减少跌倒和伤害。对于那些坚持锻炼的人来说，这种好处会持续两年以上。
Background: after 1 year, a home-based programme of strength and balance retraining exercises was effective in reducing falls and injuries in women aged 80 years and older. The exercise programme had been individually prescribed by a physiotherapist during the first 2 months of a randomized controled trial.Objective: we aimed to assess the effectiveness of the programme over 2 years.Setting: 17 general practices in Dunedin, New Zealand.Subjects: women from both the control group and the exercise group completing a 1-year trial (213 out of the original 233) were invited to continue for a further year.Methods: falls and compliance to the exercise programme were monitored for 2 years.Results: 81 (74%) in the control group and 71 (69%) in the exercise group agreed to continue in the study. After 2 years, the rate of falls remained significantly lower in the exercise group than in the control group. The relative hazard for all falls for the exercise group was 0.69 (95% confidence interval 0.49-0.97). The relative hazard for a fall resulting in a moderate or severe injury was 0.63 (95% confidence interval 0.42-0.95). Those complying with the exercise programme at 2 years had a higher level of physical activity at baseline, were more likely to have reported falling in the year before the study and had remained more confident in the first year about not falling compared with the rest of the exercise group.Conclusions: falls and injuries can be reduced by an individually tailored exercise programme in the home. For those who keep exercising, the benefit continues over a 2-year period.