Distribution and diversity of enzymes for polysaccharide degradation in fungi.
Distribution and diversity of enzymes for polysaccharide degradation in fungi.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-017-00258-w
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发表时间：
2017-03-16
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Berlemont R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berlemont R
真菌是环境和生物技术中重要的多糖降解菌。在这里，越来越多的测序真菌基因组允许在218种真菌中系统地鉴定参与多糖降解的基因和蛋白质。在全球范围内，鉴定了靶向纤维素、木聚糖和几丁质的糖苷水解酶和溶解性多糖单加氧酶的9，003个序列。虽然在大多数谱系中丰富，但这些酶的分布即使在同一属的生物体之间也是可变的。然而，大多数真菌都是多面手，拥有多种用于多糖解构的酶。大多数被鉴定的酶是具有简单结构域组织的小蛋白质，或者最终由一个催化结构域与一个非催化辅助结构域组成。因此，与细菌不同，真菌降解多糖的能力依赖于功能性状的明显冗余和高频率的溶解性多糖单加氧酶，以及其他生理适应，如菌丝生长。在全球范围内，这项研究提供了一个全面的框架，以进一步确定真菌基因组中的多糖解构酶，并将有助于确定具有生物技术应用潜力的新菌株和酶。
Fungi are important polysaccharide degraders in the environment and for biotechnology. Here, the increasing number of sequenced fungal genomes allowed for systematic identification of genes and proteins involved in polysaccharide degradation in 218 fungi. Globally, 9,003 sequences for glycoside hydrolases and lytic polysaccharide mono-oxygenases targeting cellulose, xylan, and chitin, were identified. Although abundant in most lineages, the distribution of these enzymes is variable even between organisms from the same genus. However, most fungi are generalists possessing several enzymes for polysaccharide deconstruction. Most identified enzymes were small proteins with simple domain organization or eventually consisted of one catalytic domain associated with a non-catalytic accessory domain. Thus unlike bacteria, fungi's ability to degrade polysaccharides relies on apparent redundancy in functional traits and the high frequency of lytic polysaccharide mono-oxygenases, as well as other physiological adaptation such as hyphal growth. Globally, this study provides a comprehensive framework to further identify enzymes for polysaccharide deconstruction in fungal genomes and will help identify new strains and enzymes with potential for biotechnological application.