Comparative morphological and anatomical study of self-repair in succulent cylindrical plant organs
Comparative morphological and anatomical study of self-repair in succulent cylindrical plant organs
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DOI：
10.1016/j.flora.2018.02.008
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发表时间：
2018-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Speck, Olga
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anandan, Shamundeeswari;Rudolph, Annkathrin;Speck, Olga
在进化过程中，植物进化出了许多适应缺乏液态水的恶劣环境的方法。选择性有利的结构适应包括在不同肉质植物器官的薄壁组织中储存水，形成有效的蒸发屏障，以及通过快速密封和随后的损伤愈合来最小化水分损失。对所调查的多肉植物绿大戟（Euphorbia tirucalli）、银合欢（Rhipsalis baccifera ssp.）mauritiana和虎尾兰（Sansevieria cylindrica）属于不同的系统发育谱系。它们是根据其肉质器官的相似圆柱形几何形状及其在不同生态地点的发生而选择的，所有这些生态地点的特征都是（暂时）干旱。对原始对照样品和在相应植物器官的纵向和横向方向上人工机械损伤后的测试样品进行比较形态学和解剖学分析。在21天的时间跨度内研究了伤口反应，发现了各种功能原理，损伤后立即发生的主要是损伤诱导的物理反应，导致快速自封闭，包括：（1）伤口区域的组织变形导致伤口闭合和（2）粘液/或乳胶的排出。在随后的自愈阶段，化学反应和更复杂的生物反应占主导地位：（3）乳胶的凝结，（4）木质木栓化边界层的形成和（5）伤口周皮的发育。这些结果为肉质植物器官自修复机制的异同提供了基础知识。
During evolution plants have evolved a multitude of adaptations to harsh environments lacking liquid water. Selectively advantageous structural adaptations include the storage of water in the parenchymatous tissues of diverse succulent plant organs, the formation of effective evaporation barriers and the minimization of water loss by rapid sealing and subsequent healing of injuries. The investigated succulent species, namely Euphorbia tirucalli, Rhipsalis baccifera ssp. mauritiana and Sansevieria cylindrica, belong to different phylogenetic lineages. They were selected based on the similar cylindrical geometry of their succulent organs and their occurrence in different ecological sites all characterized by periods of (temporary) drought. Comparative morphological and anatomical analyses were carried out on virgin control samples and on test samples after artificial mechanical damage in the longitudinal and transversal directions of the respective plant organ. Wound reactions were studied over a time span of 21 days, with various functional principles being found. Immediately after damage, mainly injury-induced physical reactions occur causing rapid self-sealing, which included: (1) tissue deformation in the wounded region resulting in wound closure and (2) discharge of mucilage/or latex. During the subsequent self-healing phase, chemical reactions and more complex biological responses dominated: (3) coagulation of latex, (4) formation of a ligno-suberized boundary layer and (5) development of a wound periderm. The results provide fundamental knowledge concerning the similarities and differences with regard to self-repairing mechanisms in succulent plant organs.