Prevalence of and risk factors for suicide attempts versus suicide gestures: Analysis of the National Comorbidity Survey
Prevalence of and risk factors for suicide attempts versus suicide gestures: Analysis of the National Comorbidity Survey
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DOI：
10.1037/0021-843x.115.3.616
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发表时间：
2006-08-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Kessler, Ronald C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nock, Matthew K.;Kessler, Ronald C.
自杀未遂的定义和分类方案在不同的研究中差异很大，引入了概念性、方法性和临床问题。我们使用国家共病调查(n=5877)的数据，通过比较自伤者与死亡意向者、自杀未遂者以及那些自伤而不是死亡而是为了与他人沟通的人(自杀手势者)来测试死亡意向标准的重要性。自杀未遂者(患病率=2.7%)不同于自杀示意者(患病率=1.9%)，其特点是男性性别、受教育年限较少、在美国南部和西部居住；精神诊断，包括抑郁、冲动和攻击性症状；共病；以及多次身体和性侵犯史。根据死亡意图来区分自伤者是可能的，也是有用的。
Definitions and classification schemes for suicide attempts vary widely among studies, introducing conceptual, methodological, and clinical problems. We tested the importance of the intent to die criterion by comparing self-injurers with intent to die, suicide attempters, and those who self-injured not to die but to communicate with others, suicide gesturers, using data from the National Comorbidity Survey (n = 5,877). Suicide attempters (prevalence = 2.7%) differed from suicide gesturers (prevalence = 1.9%) and were characterized by male gender, fewer years of education, residence in the southern and western United States; psychiatric diagnoses including depressive, impulsive, and aggressive symptoms; comorbidity; and history of multiple physical and sexual assaults. It is possible and useful to distinguish between self-injurers on the basis of intent to die.