Progress and challenges for the Japanese immunization program: Beyond the "vaccine gap"
Progress and challenges for the Japanese immunization program: Beyond the "vaccine gap"
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.01.092
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发表时间：
2018-07-16
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Okabe, Nobuhiko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saitoh, Akihiko;Okabe, Nobuhiko
日本的免疫计划最近取得了长足的进展。几种新疫苗的推出，特别是外国生产的疫苗，以及将重要新疫苗纳入国家免疫计划（NIP）正在缩小“疫苗差距”，即日本免疫计划相对于其他发达国家的计划的延迟。自 2014 年以来日本免疫计划的主要进展包括 (1) 于 2015 年 3 月消除麻疹，(2) 于 2015 年 10 月在国家免疫规划中引入水痘疫苗作为常规免疫接种，以及 (3) 于 2016 年 10 月在国家免疫规划中引入乙型肝炎病毒疫苗作为常规免疫接种。尽管取得了这些有希望的进展，但仍然存在重要问题。首先，政府于2013年暂时撤回了对人乳头瘤病毒疫苗的积极推荐。尽管有新的科学证据证实了这些疫苗的安全性，但撤回的情况仍在继续且尚未得到解决。其次，一些重要的自愿疫苗，包括腮腺炎和轮状病毒疫苗，自引入日本以来一直没有被纳入国家实施计划。最后，人们担心国内强制性疫苗短缺，这是由于疫苗生产工厂所在地区发生自然灾害造成的。此外，制造商在一些疫苗产品中添加未经授权的添加剂，并伪造生产过程记录。为了避免疫苗短缺的问题，需要储备必要的疫苗，并讨论儿童未来的疫苗需求。新举措必须继续缩小疫苗缺口，因为这将保护生活在日本的儿童免受疫苗可预防疾病的侵害。 (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
The Japanese immunization program has made considerable recent progress. The introduction of several new vaccines, especially foreign-produced vaccines, and the inclusion of important new vaccines in the National Immunization Program (NIP) are closing the "vaccine gap",i.e., the delay in the Japanese immunization program relative to programs in other developed countries. Major progress in the Japanese immunization program since 2014 includes (1) elimination of measles in March 2015,(2) introduction of a varicella vaccine as a routine immunization in the NIP in October 2015, and (3) introduction of hepatitis B virus vaccines as routine immunizations in the NIP in October 2016. Despite these promising developments, important issues remain. First, the government withdrew the active recommendation for human papilloma virus vaccines temporarily in 2013. The withdrawal has continued and unresolved despite new scientific evidence confirming the safety of these vaccines. Second, a few important voluntary vaccines, including vaccines for mumps and rotavirus, have not been included in the NIP since their introduction to Japan. Finally, there are concerns related to a shortage of mandatory domestic vaccines, which was caused by a natural disaster in the area where a vaccine-producing factory was located. Additionally, the manufacturer included unauthorized additives in some vaccine products with falsifying the production-process records. To avoid problems related to vaccine shortages, essential vaccines need to be stockpiled, and the future vaccine needs for children should to be discussed. New initiatives must continue to close the vaccine gap, as this will protect children living in Japan from vaccine-preventable diseases. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.