Effects of T-2 Toxin on Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei: Growth, and Antioxidant Defenses and Capacity and Histopathology in the Hepatopancreas
Effects of T-2 Toxin on Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei: Growth, and Antioxidant Defenses and Capacity and Histopathology in the Hepatopancreas
复制标题
T-2 毒素对太平洋白虾凡纳滨对虾的影响：肝胰腺的生长、抗氧化防御和能力以及组织病理学
DOI：
10.1080/08997659.2016.1249577
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
1.2
通讯作者：
Gooneratne, Ravi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deng, Yijia;Wang, Yaling;Gooneratne, Ravi
可食用水生动物代谢过程中形成的修饰掩盖T-2毒素（mT-2）可能无法被传统的分析方法检测到，从而低估了T-2的毒性。研究了0、0.5、1.2、2.4、4.8和12.2 mg/kg T-2对凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）生长、抗氧化能力和肝胰腺组织病理学变化的影响。采用液相色谱-串联质谱法检测三氟乙酸（TFA）转化mT-2为游离T-2前后肝胰腺中mT-2的浓度。在肝胰腺中观察到mT-2浓度的剂量依赖性增加。与对照组相比，饲料中添加T-2显著降低了对虾的生长和存活率（P < 0.05）。>= 2.4 mg/kg T-2时，丙二醛（MDA）浓度显著升高（P < 0.05）。在2.4 ~ 4.8mg/kgT-2剂量下，抗氧化酶、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）和谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量均有所增加，但在最高剂量（12.2 mg/kg）时下降，这可能表明虾无法应对高浓度活性氧（ROS）， MDA显著增加（P < 0.05），最终导致细胞毒性。肝胰腺的组织病理学改变是剂量依赖性的，在最高剂量时细胞自噬明显。这是首次报道虾在低T-2暴露下ROS、SOD酶活性和T-AOC的剂量依赖性增加，以及肝胰腺对饮食T-2的相关组织病理学变化。
Modified-masked T-2 toxin (mT-2) formed during metabolism in edible aquatic animals may go undetected by traditional analytical methods, thereby underestimating T-2 toxicity. The effects of T-2 on growth and antioxidant capacity and histopathological changes in the hepatopancreas were studied in Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei exposed for 20 d to 0, 0.5, 1.2, 2.4, 4.8, and 12.2 mg/kg of T-2 in their feed. The concentration of mT-2 in the hepatopancreas was detected by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrophotometry before and after trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) treatment that converted mT-2 to free T-2. A dose-dependent increase in mT-2 concentration was observed in the hepatopancreas. Dietary exposure to T-2 significantly decreased (P < 0.05) shrimp growth and survival rate compared with the controls. The malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was significantly increased in shrimp exposed to feed with >= 2.4 mg/kg T-2 (P < 0.05). The antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and also glutathione (GSH) content increased in shrimp dosed with 2.4-4.8mg/kgT-2 but declined at the highest dose (12.2 mg/kg), probably indicating an inability to cope with high concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as evident from a marked increase in MDA (P < 0.05) culminating in cellular toxicity. Histopathological changes in the hepatopancreaswere dose dependent, with cell autophagy evident at the highest exposure dose. This is the first report in shrimp of a dose-dependent increase in ROS, SOD enzyme activity, and T-AOC at low T-2 exposures, and associated histopathological changes in the hepatopancreas, in response to dietary T-2.