Who are we missing? Area deprivation and survey participation
Who are we missing? Area deprivation and survey participation
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s10654-008-9248-0
复制
发表时间：
2008-06-01
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Gatward, Rebecca
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goodman, Anna;Gatward, Rebecca
本研究调查了英格兰 5-16 岁儿童的两项基于人口、具有全国代表性的调查中按地区剥夺的选择性参与情况。我们分析了 1999 年和 2004 年进行的英国儿童和青少年心理健康调查中的英国参与者 (N = 22,903)。调查招募了家长、教师和儿童，使我们能够计算所有三类信息提供者的参与率，并且可以对家长进行特别详细的分析。使用 2004 年多重剥夺指数来分配地区剥夺。我们发现，来自较贫困地区的家长、教师和儿童参与的可能性都大大降低，最贫困地区的参与率比最贫困地区低 8-9%。剥夺对不同类型的父母不参与的影响存在很大的异质性，与总体不接触有很强的关联，但与总体不合作没有关系。拒绝参与以回应选择退出信表明与所有其他形式的不参与相反的梯度，来自较贫困地区的个人更有可能选择退出。这些发现表明，居住地区的剥夺程度预示着多种类型的受访者不会做出回应，这可能会加剧估计健康结果发生率时的偏差。此外，其幅度和方向可能取决于所使用的招募方法。因此，在任何调查中，因地区剥夺而产生的差异反应可能都值得衡量。
This study investigates selective participation by area deprivation in two population-based, nationally-representative surveys of children aged 5-16 years in England. We analysed the English participants (N = 22,903) in the British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Surveys, conducted in 1999 and 2004. The surveys recruited parents, teachers and children, allowing us to calculate participation rates for all three types of informant, with particularly detailed analyses possible for parents. Area-deprivation was assigned using Indices of Multiple Deprivation, 2004. We found that parents, teachers and children from more deprived areas were all substantially less likely to participate, with participation 8-9% lower in the most deprived areas than in the least deprived areas. There was substantial heterogeneity in the effect of deprivation on different types of parental non-participation, with a strong association for overall non-contact but none for overall non-cooperation. Refusal to participate in response to opt-out letters showed the opposite gradient to all other forms of non-participation, with individuals from less deprived areas being more likely to opt out. These findings indicate that the deprivation level of area of residence predicts non-response in multiple types of informants, which may exacerbate bias when estimating the prevalence of health outcomes. Furthermore, the magnitude and the direction of this may depend on the recruitment method used. Differential response by area deprivation may therefore be worth measuring in any survey.