Bombus terrestris in a mass-flowering pollinator-dependent crop: A mutualistic relationship?
Bombus terrestris in a mass-flowering pollinator-dependent crop: A mutualistic relationship?
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DOI：
10.1002/ece3.4784
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Osborne, Juliet L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Knapp, Jessica L.;Becher, Matthias A.;Osborne, Juliet L.
熊蜂（熊蜂属）依靠丰富多样的花卉资源来满足他们的营养需求。在农业景观中，大量开花的作物可以为熊蜂提供重要的饲料资源，熊蜂对大量开花作物的访问增加，对需要授粉服务的种植者有额外的好处。本研究探讨了熊蜂（Bombus terrestris L.）（黄尾熊蜂），一种在欧洲农田中常见的物种，和大量开花的作物小胡瓜（Cucurbita pepo L.）看看B的效果如何。terrestris是在授粉胡瓜和反过来胡瓜如何可能影响B。土生蚁群体动态通过将花蜜和花粉可用性的经验数据与使用新型大黄蜂模型Bumble-BEEHAVE的模型模拟相结合，我们首次能够量化和模拟小胡瓜作为大规模开花的大黄蜂饲料资源的重要性。小胡瓜提供大量的花蜜以确保高的访问率，这与丰富的花粉粒相结合，使B。terrestris具有很高的授粉潜力。而B. terrestris表现出强烈的忠实于小胡瓜花的花蜜，小胡瓜花粉没有发现在任何花粉负载返回觅食。尽管如此，模型模拟表明，早季胡瓜（花蜜）增加了冬眠皇后，殖民地和成年工人在模拟景观的数量。合成与应用。小胡瓜有可能改善大黄蜂的种群动态;然而，在这项研究中缺乏蜜蜂收集小胡瓜花粉的证据表明，蜜蜂只能从这种短暂的花蜜来源中受益，如果替代的花卉资源，特别是花粉，也可以满足蜜蜂在空间和时间上的营养需求。因此，提供额外的饲料资源可以同时提高授粉服务和熊蜂种群。
Bumblebees (Bombus spp.) rely on an abundant and diverse selection of floral resources to meet their nutritional requirements. In farmed landscapes, mass-flowering crops can provide an important forage resource for bumblebees, with increased visitation from bumblebees into mass-flowering crops having an additional benefit to growers who require pollination services. This study explores the mutualistic relationship between Bombus terrestris L. (buff-tailed bumblebee), a common species in European farmland, and the mass-flowering crop courgette (Cucurbita pepo L.) to see how effective B. terrestris is at pollinating courgette and in return how courgette may affect B. terrestris colony dynamics. By combining empirical data on nectar and pollen availability with model simulations using the novel bumblebee model Bumble-BEEHAVE, we were able to quantify and simulate for the first time, the importance of courgette as a mass-flowering forage resource for bumblebees. Courgette provides vast quantities of nectar to ensure a high visitation rate, which combined with abundant pollen grains, enables B. terrestris to have a high pollination potential. While B. terrestris showed a strong fidelity to courgette flowers for nectar, courgette pollen was not found in any pollen loads from returning foragers. Nonetheless, model simulations showed that early season courgette (nectar) increased the number of hibernating queens, colonies, and adult workers in the modeled landscapes. Synthesis and applications. Courgette has the potential to improve bumblebee population dynamics; however, the lack of evidence of the bees collecting courgette pollen in this study suggests that bees can only benefit from this transient nectar source if alternative floral resources, particularly pollen, are also available to fulfill bees' nutritional requirements in space and time. Therefore, providing additional forage resources could simultaneously improve pollination services and bumblebee populations.