Duck influenza lacking evidence of disease signs and immune response
Duck influenza lacking evidence of disease signs and immune response
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鸭流感缺乏疾病症状和免疫反应的证据
作者：
H. Kida;R. Yanagawa;Y. Matsuoka
将流感病毒A/鸭子/北海道/5/77(Hav7N2)、A/Budgerigar/北海道/1/77(Hav4Nav1)、A/Kumamoto/22/76(H3N2)、A/Aichi/2/68(H3N2)和A/New Jersey/8/76(Hsw1N1)接种北京鸭。其中，来源于鸭子和虎皮鹦鹉的流感病毒在鸭子的肠道中复制。受感染的鸭子将病毒从粪便中排出，滴度很高，但没有表现出疾病的临床症状，几乎没有产生可检测到的血清抗体。通过免疫荧光染色，我们证明鸭病毒在鸭体内的靶细胞是在大肠，特别是在结肠形成隐窝的简单柱状上皮细胞。在初次感染后，这些禽类至少在28天内抵抗了鸭子病毒的再次感染，但从46天开始，它们很容易再次感染。这些感染很快被活跃的二次免疫反应所限制，这反映在重新接种后迅速出现高滴度抗体。与禽流感病毒相反，其余三种人源性流感病毒不会在肠道内复制，但会引起血清抗体反应。
Influenza viruses A/duck/Hokkaido/5/77 (Hav7N2), A/budgerigar/Hokkaido/1/77 (Hav4Nav1), A/Kumamoto/22/76 (H3N2), A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2), and A/New Jersey/8/76 (Hsw1N1) were experimentally inoculated into Pekin ducks. Of these, the influenza viruses of duck and budgerigar origin replicated in the intestinal tract of the ducks. The infected ducks shed the virus in the feces to high titers, but did not show clinical signs of disease and scarcely produced detectable serum antibodies. Using immunofluorescent staining, we demonstrated that the target cells of the duck virus in ducks were the simple columnar epithelial cells which form crypts in the large intestines, especially in the colon. After primary infection, the birds resisted reinfection with the duck virus at least for 28 days, but from 46 days onward they were susceptible to reinfection. These infections were quickly restricted by a brisk secondary immune response, reflected in the rapid appearance of high titers of antibody after reinoculation. In contrat to the avian influenza viruses, the remaining three influenza viruses of human origin did not replicate in the intestinal tract but did cause a serum antibody response.