Decomposer animals and bioremediation of soils
Decomposer animals and bioremediation of soils
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DOI：
10.1016/s0269-7491(99)00142-6
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Haimi, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haimi, J
虽然微生物在生物修复过程中降解污染物，但土壤动物也可以在这些过程中发挥重要作用，尽管通常是间接作用。无论是在生物修复之前还是之后，土壤动物都是土壤污染的有用指标。许多利用土壤动物的毒性和生物利用度评估方法已被开发用于危害和风险评估程序。在评估中，不仅要考虑动物的生存，还要考虑更敏感的参数，如生长、繁殖和群落结构。生物测定与化学分析结合使用，可为风险分析提供最可靠的结果。这是因为经过补救的土壤的物理、化学和生物特性在这一过程中可能会发生变化，污染物可能发生了转化而不是矿化。此外，土壤中可能含有化学分析中未发现的其他有害物质。最后，由于生物修复的最终目标应该是与有害物质的矿化一起实现土壤的生态恢复，因此应该确保发展多样化的分解者群落作为功能生态系统的基础。土壤动物，特别是大型土壤动物，也可以通过自身活动积极参与生态恢复过程。应铭记土壤动物体内积累的污染物转移到地上食物网的潜在风险。(C)2000由爱思唯尔科学有限公司出版。版权所有。
Although microorganisms are degrading the contaminants in bioremediation processes, soil animals can also have important-while usually an indirect - role in these processes. Soil animals are useful indicators of soil contamination, both before and after the bioremediation. Many toxicity and bioavailability assessment methods utilizing soil animals have been developed for hazard and risk-assessment procedures. Not only the survival of the animals, but also more sensitive parameters like growth, reproduction and community structure have often been taken into account in the assessment. The use of bioassays together with chemical analyses gives the most reliable results for risk analyses. This is because physical, chemical and biological properties of the remediated soil may be changed during the process, and it is possible that transformation rather than mineralization of the contaminants has taken place. In addition, the soil may contain other harmful substances than those searched in chemical analyses. Finally, because the ultimate goal of the bioremediation should be-together with mineralization of the harmful substances-the ecological recovery of the soil, development of diverse decomposer community as a basis of the functioning ecosystem should be ensured. Soil animals, especially the large ones, can also actively take part in the ecological recovery processes through their own activity. The potential risk of transfer of contaminants accumulated in soil animals to the above-ground food webs should be borne in mind. (C) 2000 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.