The claustrum and its projection system in the human brain: a microsurgical and tractographic anatomical study
The claustrum and its projection system in the human brain: a microsurgical and tractographic anatomical study
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DOI：
10.3171/jns/2008/108/4/0764
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Alvarez-Linera, Juan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferandez-Miranda, Juan C.;Rhoton, Albert L., Jr.;Alvarez-Linera, Juan
对象。本研究的目的是检查屏状体及其投射纤维的显微外科和束状图解剖，并分析这些发现的功能和外科意义。采用Klingler纤维解剖技术，在X - 6-40倍放大镜下，对15个经福尔马林固定的人脑半球进行解剖。采用基于弥散张量（DT）成像的磁共振成像软件对5例正常脑的磁共振成像结果进行分析。屏状体和外囊均由背侧和腹侧两部分组成。外囊的背侧部分主要由幽闭皮质纤维组成，这些纤维会聚到背侧幽闭体的灰质中。束束造影结果与纤维解剖结果一致，显示幽闭皮层纤维连接着幽闭体与额叶上皮层、中央前皮层、中央后皮层和顶叶后皮层，并呈地形组织。外包膜的腹侧部分由钩侧和下枕额束构成，它们穿过锁状体的腹侧部分，连接眶额皮质和前额皮质与杏仁核皮质、颞皮质和枕皮质。描述了岛状表面与下纤维束的关系，以及屏状体内侧下表面与外侧透镜状纹状动脉的关系。纤维解剖技术和基于DT成像的神经束造影的结合支持了人类闭皮层系统作为一个综合网络的存在，并提供了帮助理解胶质瘤在脑岛和大脑其他区域扩散的潜力。
Object. The goal in this study was to examine the microsurgical and tractographic anatomy of the claustrum and its projection fibers, and to analyze the functional and surgical implications of the findings.Methods. Fifteen formalin-fixed human brain hemispheres were dissected using the Klingler fiber dissection technique, with the aid of an operating microscope at X 6-40 magnification. Magnetic resonance imaging studies of 5 normal brains were analyzed using diffusion tensor (DT) imaging-based tractography software.Results. Both the claustrum and external capsule have 2 parts: dorsal and ventral. The dorsal part of the external capsule is mainly composed of the claustrocortical fibers that converge into the gray matter of the dorsal claustrum. Results of the tractography studies coincided with the fiber dissection findings and showed that the claustrocortical fibers connect the claustrum with the superior frontal, precentral, postcentral, and posterior parietal cortices, and are topographically organized. The ventral part of the external capsule is formed by the uncinate and inferior occipitofrontal fascicles, which traverse the ventral part of the claustrum, connecting the orbitofrontal and prefrontal cortex with the amygdaloid, temporal, and occipital cortices. The relationship between the insular surface and the underlying fiber tracts, and between the medial lower surface of the claustrum and the lateral lenticulostriate arteries is described.Conclusions. The combination of the fiber dissection technique and DT imaging-based tractography supports the presence of the claustrocortical system as an integrative network in humans and offers the potential to aid in understanding the diffusion of gliomas in the insula and other areas of the brain.