Managing head lice in an era of increasing resistance to insecticides
Managing head lice in an era of increasing resistance to insecticides
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DOI：
10.2165/00128071-200405030-00005
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Downs, AMR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Downs, AMR
所有年龄组均有头虱，但7-8岁为感染高峰，全年发病率各不相同，冬季发病率较高。在过去的60年里，人们使用了不同的杀虫剂来控制这种情况。现在有强有力的证据表明，在许多国家已形成杀虫剂抗药性，其程度之高，使其中一些化学品已经过时。对某些杀虫剂的耐药性可能因国家和地区而异。当地缺乏抗药性模式监测系统，这意味着家长和学生在如何治疗头虱方面难以做出明智的决定。人们不应再假定治疗失败是由于治疗依从性差或再次感染。应实施由对头虱感兴趣的卫生保健专业人员制定的明确治疗指南，并考虑到区域/国家的耐药性模式。这些指导方针应结合化学和非化学治疗方法，并由地方公共卫生部门进行协调和定期审查。制药公司应提供其产品的最新功效。
Head lice are present in all age groups, however, the peak age for infestation is 7-8 years and the incidence varies throughout the year with higher incidence during the winter. Different insecticides have been used over the past 60 years to manage this condition. There is now strong evidence of insecticide resistance established in many countries to such an extent that some of these chemicals have become obsolete. Resistance to some pediculicides can vary from country to country and region to region within a country. The lack of a local monitoring system of resistance patterns means that parents and pupils are hampered in making an informed decision regarding how to treat head lice. One should no longer assume that treatment failure is due to poor treatment compliance or re-infestation. Clear treatment guidelines drawn up by healthcare professionals with an interest in head lice and taking into account regional/national resistance patterns should be implemented. These guidelines should combine chemical and non-chemical approaches to treatment and be coordinated and regularly reviewed by local public health departments. Drug companies should be made to provide up-to-date efficacy of their products.