Anaesthetics stop diverse plant organ movements, affect endocytic vesicle recycling and ROS homeostasis, and block action potentials in Venus flytraps
Anaesthetics stop diverse plant organ movements, affect endocytic vesicle recycling and ROS homeostasis, and block action potentials in Venus flytraps
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DOI：
10.1093/aob/mcx155
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发表时间：
2017-12
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Ken Yokawa;Ken Yokawa;T. Kagenishi;T. Kagenishi;Andrej Pavlovič;S. Gall;Matthias Weiland;Matthias Weiland;Stefano Mancuso;František Baluška
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文献类型：
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作者：
Ken Yokawa;Ken Yokawa;T. Kagenishi;T. Kagenishi;Andrej Pavlovič;S. Gall;Matthias Weiland;Matthias Weiland;Stefano Mancuso;František Baluška
背景和目的麻醉用于医疗目的是在19世纪世纪引入的。然而，麻醉药物对神经系统作用的生理模式仍不清楚。剩下的问题之一是，这些不同的化合物，没有结构上的相似性，甚至化学惰性元素，如惰性气体氙，如何作为麻醉剂诱导意识丧失。这里的主要目标是确定麻醉剂是否影响植物中与动物和人类相同或相似的过程。方法用单镜头反光照相机跟踪植物在暴露于不同麻醉剂之前、期间和之后的器官运动。共聚焦显微镜用于分析内吞囊泡运输。使用表面AgCl电极记录电信号。关键结果含羞草叶，豌豆卷须，捕蝇草和茅膏菜都失去了他们的自主和触摸诱导运动后暴露于麻醉剂。在捕蝇草中，这被证明是由于乙醚麻醉下动作电位的丧失。相同浓度的乙醚固定豌豆卷须。麻醉剂也阻碍种子发芽和水芹幼苗叶绿素积累。内吞囊泡回收和活性氧（ROS）的平衡，在完整的拟南芥根尖细胞中观察到的，也受到所有的麻醉剂测试。结论植物对几种结构上没有相似性的麻醉剂敏感。与动物和人类一样，在适当浓度下使用的麻醉剂通过对动作电位、内吞囊泡再循环和ROS体内平衡的影响阻断动作电位和破坏器官。植物作为理想的模型对象出现，以研究与麻醉有关的一般问题，以及作为一个合适的测试系统，为人类麻醉。
Background and Aims Anaesthesia for medical purposes was introduced in the 19th century. However, the physiological mode of anaesthetic drug actions on the nervous system remains unclear. One of the remaining questions is how these different compounds, with no structural similarities and even chemically inert elements such as the noble gas xenon, act as anaesthetic agents inducing loss of consciousness. The main goal here was to determine if anaesthetics affect the same or similar processes in plants as in animals and humans. Methods A single-lens reflex camera was used to follow organ movements in plants before, during and after recovery from exposure to diverse anaesthetics. Confocal microscopy was used to analyse endocytic vesicle trafficking. Electrical signals were recorded using a surface AgCl electrode. Key Results Mimosa leaves, pea tendrils, Venus flytraps and sundew traps all lost both their autonomous and touch-induced movements after exposure to anaesthetics. In Venus flytrap, this was shown to be due to the loss of action potentials under diethyl ether anaesthesia. The same concentration of diethyl ether immobilized pea tendrils. Anaesthetics also impeded seed germination and chlorophyll accumulation in cress seedlings. Endocytic vesicle recycling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance, as observed in intact Arabidopsis root apex cells, were also affected by all anaesthetics tested. Conclusions Plants are sensitive to several anaesthetics that have no structural similarities. As in animals and humans, anaesthetics used at appropriate concentrations block action potentials and immobilize organs via effects on action potentials, endocytic vesicle recycling and ROS homeostasis. Plants emerge as ideal model objects to study general questions related to anaesthesia, as well as to serve as a suitable test system for human anaesthesia.