Associations between poverty, mental health and substance use, gender power, and intimate partner violence amongst young (18-30) women and men in urban informal settlements in South Africa: A cross-sectional study and structural equation model
Associations between poverty, mental health and substance use, gender power, and intimate partner violence amongst young (18-30) women and men in urban informal settlements in South Africa: A cross-sectional study and structural equation model
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.p
复制
发表时间：
2018-10-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Washington, Laura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gibbs, Andrew;Jewkes, Rachel;Washington, Laura
研究表明，贫穷是亲密伴侣暴力的一个主要驱动因素，但详细的分析表明，无论是妇女的经历还是男子实施的亲密伴侣暴力，这种关系都不明确。我们使用来自“踏脚石”和“创造未来”集群随机对照试验的横截面数据，在南非德班的城市非正式住区，以年轻人（18-30岁）为对象，探讨了贫困与IPV之间的关联。使用逻辑回归和结构方程模型，我们评估贫困和妇女的经验和男子的身体和/或性IPV在过去12个月的犯罪之间的关联。在2015年9月至2016年9月期间，共有680名女性和677名男性被招募参与这项研究。这些分析强调了与性别认同交织在一起的具体贫穷形式或衡量标准是如何影响贫穷人口参与度的。对于男性，我们发现经济供应指标与IPV犯罪有关，而对于女性，粮食不安全是IPV经历的关键。我们还发现了男女之间的相似之处。首先，粮食不安全和童年创伤塑造了药物滥用和精神健康状况不佳的途径，增加了IPV。第二，在这两种模式中都有一个复原力途径，即那些受教育程度较高的人提高了性别平等态度，减少了控制行为，从而降低了IPV。减少IPV的干预措施需要努力减少家庭粮食不安全，但这些措施需要与性别变革干预措施相结合。干预措施还应侧重于减少精神健康和药物滥用的影响。最后，努力提高教育程度是降低IPV的长期关键干预措施。
Research suggests that poverty is a key driver of intimate partner violence (IPV), however detailed analysis suggests that this relationship is not clear, either for women's experience or men's perpetration of IPV. We explored associations between poverty and IPV using cross-sectional data from the Stepping Stones and Creating Futures cluster randomized control trial, in urban informal settlements in Durban, South Africa, with young (18-30) people. Using logistic regression and structural equation modelling we assess associations between poverty and women's experience and men's perpetration of physical and/or sexual IPV in the past 12 months. 680 women and 677 men were recruited into the study between September 2015 and September 2016. The analyses highlight how specific forms or measures of poverty intersecting with gender identities shape IPV. For men we found indicators of economic provision were associated with IPV perpetration, while for women food-insecurity was key to IPV experience. We also found similarities between women and men. First, food-insecurity and childhood traumas shaped pathways to substance misuse and poor mental health that increased IPV. Second, there was a resilience pathway in both models, whereby those with more education had increased gender equitable attitudes and fewer controlling behaviours, which reduced IPV. Interventions to reduce IPV need to work to reduce household food insecurity, but these need to be combined with gender transformative interventions. Interventions should also focus on reducing the impact of mental health and substance misuse. Finally, working to increase educational attainment is a long-term critical intervention to reduce IPV.