A new player in X identification: the CLAMP protein is a key factor in Drosophila dosage compensation.
A new player in X identification: the CLAMP protein is a key factor in Drosophila dosage compensation.
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X 鉴定的新参与者：CLAMP 蛋白是果蝇剂量补偿的关键因素。
DOI：
10.1007/s10577-014-9438-4
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Larschan,Erica
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Soruco,MarcelaML;Larschan,Erica
剂量补偿调节异配物种中一条或两条目标性染色体上的基因表达水平。这一过程导致多条染色体上编码的重要和必需基因家族的标准化转录输出。剂量补偿机制已在许多模型生物中进行了研究，包括果蝇（果蝇）、秀丽隐杆线虫（蠕虫）和小家鼠（小鼠）。尽管这些物种之间的剂量补偿机制有所不同，但所有这些过程都依赖于 X 染色体与常染色体的初始区分。最近，在果蝇中发现了 X 染色体如何靶向调控的新范例。该机制涉及一种新鉴定的锌指蛋白 CLAMP。在这里，我们回顾了涉及跨物种剂量补偿的重要因素，特别关注果蝇。了解新鉴定的 CLAMP 蛋白如何参与果蝇的 X 靶向，可以为了解 X 染色体最初如何跨物种鉴定提供重要见解。
Dosage compensation adjusts the expression levels of genes on one or both targeted sex chromosomes in heterogametic species. This process results in the normalized transcriptional output of important and essential gene families encoded on multiple chromosomes. The mechanisms of dosage compensation have been studied in many model organisms, includingDrosophila melanogaster(fly),Caenorhabditis elegans(worm), andMus musculus(mouse). Although the mechanisms of dosage compensations differ among these species, all of these processes rely on the initial discrimination of the X chromosome from autosomes. Recently, a new paradigm for how the X chromosome is targeted for regulation was identified inDrosophila. This mechanism involves a newly identified zinc finger protein, CLAMP. Here, we review important factors involved in dosage compensation across species with special focus on the fly. Understanding how the newly identified CLAMP protein is involved in X targeting in the fly could provide key insights into how the X chromosome is initially identified across species.