IL-15 enhances HIV-1 infection by promoting survival and proliferation of CCR5+CD4+ T cells.

IL-15 enhances HIV-1 infection by promoting survival and proliferation of CCR5+CD4+ T cells.
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DOI:
10.1172/jci.insight.166292
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发表时间:
2023-04-10
期刊:
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
Shan, Liang
Shan, Liang
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Li, Yuhao;Gao, Hongbo;Clark, Kolin M.;Shan, Liang

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HIV-1通常利用CCR5作为其辅助受体,并且直到感染后期才很少转变为CXCR4嗜性病毒。 CCR5+CD4+T细胞是病毒血症个体以及感染SIV的非人灵长类动物中主要的病毒产生细胞。 CCR5+CD4+T细胞的分化与IL-15的可用性相关,IL-15在急性HIV-1感染期间会增加。在此,我们报道 CCR5 由 CD4+ T 细胞表达,这些细胞表现出效应或效应记忆表型,且 IL-2/IL-15 受体共同 β 和 γ 链高表达。 IL-15(而非 IL-7)提高了 CCR5+CD4+ T 细胞的存活率,促进其扩增,并在体外和人源化小鼠中促进 HIV-1 感染。我们的研究表明,IL-15 在 HIV-1 感染中起着混杂的作用,未来基于 IL-15 增强抗 HIV-1 免疫力的研究应仔细研究其对 CCR5+CD4+ T 细胞中 HIV-1 储存库扩张的潜在影响。
HIV-1 usually utilizes CCR5 as its coreceptor and rarely switches to a CXCR4-tropic virus until the late stage of infection. CCR5+CD4+ T cells are the major virus-producing cells in viremic individuals as well as SIV-infected nonhuman primates. The differentiation of CCR5+CD4+ T cells is associated with the availability of IL-15, which increases during acute HIV-1 infection. Here, we report that CCR5 was expressed by CD4+ T cells exhibiting effector or effector memory phenotypes with high expression levels of the IL-2/IL-15 receptor common β and γ chains. IL-15, but not IL-7, improved the survival of CCR5+CD4+ T cells, drove their expansion, and facilitated HIV-1 infection in vitro and in humanized mice. Our study suggests that IL-15 plays confounding roles in HIV-1 infection, and future studies on the IL-15–based boosting of anti–HIV-1 immunity should carefully examine the potential effects on the expansion of HIV-1 reservoirs in CCR5+CD4+ T cells.
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