Patterns and Trends in Cancer Screening in the United States
Patterns and Trends in Cancer Screening in the United States
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DOI：
10.5888/pcd15.170465
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发表时间：
2018-07-01
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Breen, Nancy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hall, Ingrid J.;Tangka, Florence K. L.;Breen, Nancy
前言我们调查了2015年报告的美国成年人癌症筛查的患病率，并对重要的社会人口学和可获得护理变量进行了调整。通过使用2000年至2015年全国健康访谈调查(NHIS)的数据，我们检查了遵循美国预防服务工作组筛查建议的癌症筛查患病率的趋势，以监控传统上服务不足的人群的筛查进展。方法我们分析了2000年至2015年调查的NHIS数据，以估计乳腺癌、宫颈癌、结直肠癌和前列腺癌推荐筛查测试的流行率和使用趋势。我们使用Logistic回归，并报告了调整了各种社会经济和人口变量的人口亚组的预测边际。结果结直肠癌筛查是研究期间唯一增加的检查。我们发现，在所有被检查的测试中，亚组之间使用测试的流行率存在差异。减少筛查试验使用的因素包括过去一年没有与医生接触，没有正常的医疗保健来源，以及没有保险。结论了解不同人群中癌症筛查试验的使用情况，对于规划公共卫生干预措施至关重要，有可能增加筛查接受率，减少癌症发病率和死亡率的差异。《健康人2020》的总体目标是“实现健康公平，消除差异，改善所有群体的健康”。与前几年相比，2015年的调整结果显示，筛查差距持续存在，特别是在未参保的人群中，而且只在结直肠癌筛查方面取得了进展。
IntroductionWe examined the prevalence of cancer screening reported in 2015 among US adults, adjusted for important sociodemographic and access-to-care variables. By using data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) for 2000 through 2015, we examined trends in prevalence of cancer screening that adhered to US Preventive Services Task Force screening recommendations in order to monitor screening progress among traditionally underserved population subgroups.MethodsWe analyzed NHIS data from surveys from 2000 through 2015 to estimate prevalence and trends in use of recommended screening tests for breast, cervical, colorectal, and prostate cancers. We used logistic regression and report predictive margins for population subgroups adjusted for various socioeconomic and demographic variables.ResultsColorectal cancer screening was the only test that increased during the study period. We found disparities in prevalence of test use among subgroups for all tests examined. Factors that reduced the use of screening tests included no contact with a doctor in the past year, no usual source of health care, and no insurance coverage.ConclusionUnderstanding use of cancer screening tests among different population subgroups is vital for planning public health interventions with potential to increase screening uptake and reduce disparities in cancer morbidity and mortality. Overarching goals of Healthy People 2020 are to "achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups." Adjusted findings for 2015, compared with previous years, show persistent screening disparities, particularly among the uninsured, and progress for colorectal cancer screening only.