Nanotechnology for neurodegenerative disorders.
Nanotechnology for neurodegenerative disorders.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.maturitas.2011.12.015
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发表时间：
2012-09
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
F. Re;Maria Gregori;M. Masserini
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Re;Maria Gregori;M. Masserini
药物和/或成像剂至靶器官、组织和细胞的功效、细胞摄取和特异性转运是不同病症的诊断和治疗中的常见问题。就神经退行性疾病而言，它们代表了复杂的问题，因为由于血脑屏障的存在，大脑靶向仍然是药理学中尚未解决的挑战，血脑屏障是一层紧密堆积的内皮细胞，可以防止不需要的物质进入大脑。工程纳米材料，尺寸为1- 100纳米的物体，提供了有趣的生物医学工具，可能能够解决这些问题，这要归功于它们的物理化学特征和多功能化的可能性，允许同时赋予它们不同的功能，包括穿过血脑屏障的能力。本文综述了最新的纳米材料，适用于最常见的神经退行性疾病的治疗和诊断成像，以及神经保护和神经组织再生。最后，他们的潜在的神经毒性进行了讨论，并描述了未来的纳米技术的方法。
The efficacy, cellular uptake and specific transport of drugs and/or imaging agents to target organs, tissues and cells are common issues in the diagnosis and treatment of different disorders. In the case of neurodegenerative diseases, they represent complex problems, since brain targeting remains a still unsolved challenge in pharmacology, due to the presence of the blood–brain barrier, a tightly packed layer of endothelial cells that prevents unwanted substances to enter the brain. Engineered nanomaterials, objects with dimensions of 1–100nm, are providing interesting biomedical tools potentially able to solve these problems, thanks to their physico-chemical features and to the possibility of multi-functionalization, allowing to confer them different features at the same time, including the ability to cross the blood–brain barrier. This review focuses on the state-of-the-art of nanomaterials suitable for therapy and diagnostic imaging of the most common neurodegenerative disorders, as well as for neuroprotection and neuronal tissue regeneration. Finally, their potential neurotoxicity is discussed, and future nanotechnological approaches are described.