Working conditions, health and retirement intentions: a case study of truck drivers
Working conditions, health and retirement intentions: a case study of truck drivers
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工作条件、健康和退休意愿：卡车司机的案例研究
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Sara Ramos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Inês C. Sousa;Sara Ramos
目的
作为一名专业卡车司机意味着长期暴露在身体和心理社会风险中，这可能会在短期和长期内影响健康和工作能力。本文的目的是研究工作条件的作用，卡车司机的感知健康和退休意向，在葡萄牙运输公司。
设计/方法/方式
本研究以人机工程学工作分析法，结合文献分析、观察与16位访谈。对访谈记录进行内容分析。
结果
与先前的研究一致，司机承认他们的活动对身体要求很高（例如静态姿势，重复动作，举重）和心理要求很高（例如高时间压力，缺乏控制，缺乏工作与家庭的平衡）。尽管如此，司机报告自己身体健康，只有一些与背部和膝盖疼痛有关的投诉。然而，与老龄化相关的艰苦工作条件可能导致健康状况逐渐恶化，导致他们希望在法律的退休年龄之前退休。
实际影响
该公司可以通过设立一个提供心理社会支持和职业指导的单位，改善辅导方案，并投资于职业风险预防培训，来促进司机的健康。
独创性/价值
本研究首次使用EWA来研究卡车司机的工作和健康之间的复杂关系对他们退休意愿的影响，采用时间的视角。
Purpose
Being a professional truck driver implies prolonged exposure to physical and psychosocial risks, which can affect health and work ability in the short and long term. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of working conditions in truck drivers’ perceived health and retirement intentions in a Portuguese transportation company.
Design/methodology/approach
Using ergonomic work analysis (EWA), this study incorporates document analysis, observation and 16 interviews. Content analysis is applied to interviews’ transcripts.
Findings
In line with previous research, drivers acknowledged their activity as physically demanding (e.g. static postures, repetitive movements, heavy lifting) and psychologically demanding (e.g. high time pressure, lack of control, lack of work–family balance). Despite that, drivers report themselves to be in good health, with only some complaints related to back and knee pain. However, hard working conditions associated with ageing can contribute to gradual health deterioration, leading them to desire to retire before the legal retirement age.
Practical implications
The company can promote drivers’ health by creating a unit to provide psychosocial support and career orientation, improving the mentoring programme, and investing in training on occupational risk prevention.
Originality/value
This study is the first to use EWA to examine the impact of the complex relationship between truck drivers’ work and health in their retirement intentions, adopting a temporal perspective.