New insights into the molecular mechanism of intestinal fatty acid absorption.
New insights into the molecular mechanism of intestinal fatty acid absorption.
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DOI：
10.1111/eci.12161
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发表时间：
2013-11
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Wang DQ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang TY;Liu M;Portincasa P;Wang DQ
膳食脂肪是所有营养素中最重要的能量来源。脂肪酸以三酰甘油的形式储存在体内，是储存能量的重要储存库，主要来源于动物脂肪和植物油。尽管水不溶性两亲性脂肪酸跨细胞膜转运的分子机制已争论多年，但现在认为肠脂肪酸摄取的主要方式是通过膜相关脂肪酸结合蛋白，即，肠上皮细胞顶膜上的脂肪酸转运蛋白。这些结果表明，肠道脂肪酸吸收是一个多步骤的过程，在肠上皮细胞水平上由多个基因调控，肠道脂肪酸吸收效率可以通过影响肠上皮细胞刷状缘膜的腔内脂肪酸分子的因素来确定。为了促进对肠、肝和血浆三酰甘油代谢的研究，必须建立用于精确和准确地测量人类和动物模型中肠脂肪酸吸收效率的标准方案。本文将讨论脂肪酸的化学结构和命名，并总结近年来在研究肠道吸收脂肪酸的分子机制方面的进展，特别强调肠道脂质的物理化学和肠道脂肪酸转运蛋白的分子生理学。更好地了解肠道脂肪酸吸收的分子机制，应导致新的方法来治疗和预防脂肪酸相关的代谢性疾病，是世界范围内流行的。
Dietary fat is the most important energy source of all the nutrients. Fatty acids, stored as triacylglycerols in the body, are an important reservoir of stored energy and derive primarily from animal fats and vegetable oils. Although the molecular mechanisms for the transport of water-insoluble amphipathic fatty acids across cell membranes have been debated for many years, it is now believed that the dominant means for intestinal fatty acid uptake is via membrane-associated fatty acid-binding proteins, i.e., fatty acid transporters on the apical membrane of enterocytes. These findings indicate that intestinal fatty acid absorption is a multistep process that is regulated by multiple genes at the enterocyte level, and intestinal fatty acid absorption efficiency could be determined by factors influencing intraluminal fatty acid molecules across the brush border membrane of enterocytes. To facilitate research on intestinal, hepatic and plasma triacylglycerol metabolism, it is imperative to establish standard protocols for precisely and accurately measuring the efficiency of intestinal fatty acid absorption in humans and animal models. In this review, we will discuss the chemical structure and nomenclature of fatty acids and summarize recent progress in investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying the intestinal absorption of fatty acids, with a particular emphasis on the physical-chemistry of intestinal lipids and the molecular physiology of intestinal fatty acid transporters. A better understanding of the molecular mechanism of intestinal fatty acid absorption should lead to novel approaches to the treatment and the prevention of fatty acid-related metabolic diseases that are prevalent worldwide.
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