Volcano infrasound: progress and future directions
Volcano infrasound: progress and future directions
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DOI：
10.1007/s00445-022-01544-w
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发表时间：
2022-04
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
L. M. Watson;A. Iezzi;L. Toney;S. Maher;D. Fee;Kathleen F. McKee;H. Ortiz;R. Matoza;J. Gestrich;J. Bishop;Alex J. C. Witsil;Jacob F. Anderson;Jeffrey B. Johnson
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文献类型：
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作者：
L. M. Watson;A. Iezzi;L. Toney;S. Maher;D. Fee;Kathleen F. McKee;H. Ortiz;R. Matoza;J. Gestrich;J. Bishop;Alex J. C. Witsil;Jacob F. Anderson;Jeffrey B. Johnson
在过去二十年（2000-2020年）中，火山次声（在大气中传播的频率低于20赫兹的声波）已从学术研究领域演变为有用的监测工具。因此，次声通常被世界各地的火山观测站用来探测、定位和描述火山活动。它在确认陆上活动和监测远距离喷发方面特别有用，在预测开放式喷口系统的突发性活动方面显示出希望。对火山次声的基础研究正在为火山喷发动力学和火山过程提供大量新的见解，并将在今后十年继续这样做。次声传感器的可用性增加将扩大对各种喷发类型的观察，相关的数据量增加将使机器学习工作流程更加可行。将应用更复杂的建模来检查次声源和从局部到全球距离的传播效应，从而改进次声衍生的喷发属性估计。未来的工作将使用次声来探测、定位和表征移动流，如火山碎屑密度流、火山泥流、岩崩、熔岩流和雪崩。次声观测将进一步与其他数据流相结合，如地震、地面和卫星热成像和视觉图像、大地测量、闪电和气体数据。火山次声界应继续努力，使数据和代码可以获得，并改善该领域的多样性、公平性和包容性。总之，未来十年的火山次声研究将继续通过增加数据可用性、传感器技术、增强建模能力以及改进灾害检测和缓解的新数据分析方法来推进我们对复杂火山过程的理解。
Over the past two decades (2000–2020), volcano infrasound (acoustic waves with frequencies less than 20 Hz propagating in the atmosphere) has evolved from an area of academic research to a useful monitoring tool. As a result, infrasound is routinely used by volcano observatories around the world to detect, locate, and characterize volcanic activity. It is particularly useful in confirming subaerial activity and monitoring remote eruptions, and it has shown promise in forecasting paroxysmal activity at open-vent systems. Fundamental research on volcano infrasound is providing substantial new insights on eruption dynamics and volcanic processes and will continue to do so over the next decade. The increased availability of infrasound sensors will expand observations of varied eruption styles, and the associated increase in data volume will make machine learning workflows more feasible. More sophisticated modeling will be applied to examine infrasound source and propagation effects from local to global distances, leading to improved infrasound-derived estimates of eruption properties. Future work will use infrasound to detect, locate, and characterize moving flows, such as pyroclastic density currents, lahars, rockfalls, lava flows, and avalanches. Infrasound observations will be further integrated with other data streams, such as seismic, ground- and satellite-based thermal and visual imagery, geodetic, lightning, and gas data. The volcano infrasound community should continue efforts to make data and codes accessible and to improve diversity, equity, and inclusion in the field. In summary, the next decade of volcano infrasound research will continue to advance our understanding of complex volcano processes through increased data availability, sensor technologies, enhanced modeling capabilities, and novel data analysis methods that will improve hazard detection and mitigation.