THE EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE MISCLASSIFICATION ON ESTIMATES OF RELATIVE RISK
THE EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE MISCLASSIFICATION ON ESTIMATES OF RELATIVE RISK
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114294
复制
发表时间：
1986-04-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
HAAS, JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FLEGAL, KM;BROWNIE, C;HAAS, JD
在流行病学研究中，个体可能会被错误地分类为暴露于疾病的危险因素。这种错误分类导致与人群中暴露相关的疾病相对风险偏向零值。这里，推导出了一个公式，用于错误分类下的表观相对风险（R*），作为暴露试验的灵敏度（U）和特异性（V）以及人群中暴露的真实相对风险（R）和真实患病率（P（E））的函数。U和V对R* 中的偏差的相对影响取决于R和P（E）两者，其中U在P（E）的较高值处倾向于更有影响。当暴露存在错误分类时，P（E）的变化可能会通过产生虚假差异或掩盖真实差异而使各组或暴露之间的相对风险比较产生偏差，并可能产生与第三个变量（如年龄）相关的虚假趋势。由于暴露的错误分类对相对风险的可能影响是复杂的，不容易概括，因此应在每种情况下单独评估潜在的偏倚程度。
In epidemiologic studies, individuals may be misclassified with respect to exposure to a risk factor for disease. Such misclassification causes the relative risk of disease associated with the exposure in the population to be biased toward the null value. Here, a formula is derived for the apparent relative risk under misclassification (R*) as a function of the sensitivity (U) and specificity (V) of the test for exposure and of the true relative risk (R) and true prevalence of exposure (P(E)) in the population. The relative influence of U and V on the bias in R* depends both on R and on P(E), with U tending to be more influential at higher values of P(E). When there is misclassification of exposure, variation in P(E) may bias comparisons of relative risk between groups or exposures, either by producing spurious differences or by masking true differences, and may generate spurious trends associated with a third variable such as age. Because the possible effects of misclassification of exposure on relative risk are complex and not easily generalized, the potential degree of bias should be evaluated individually in each situation.