N-terminally cleaved Bcl-xL mediates ischemia-induced neuronal death.

N-terminally cleaved Bcl-xL mediates ischemia-induced neuronal death.
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DOI:
10.1038/nn.3054
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发表时间:
2012-02-26
影响因子:
25
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学1区
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--
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大鼠短暂性全身缺血可诱导海马 CA1 神经元延迟死亡。早期事件包括半胱天冬酶激活、抗死亡 Bcl-2 家族蛋白的裂解和大线粒体通道活性。然而,这些事件在缺血引起的神经元死亡中的因果作用尚不清楚。出乎意料的是,我们发现 Bcl-2/Bcl-xL 抑制剂 ABT-737 可以增强肿瘤细胞的死亡,在临床相关的脑缺血模型中保护大鼠免受神经元死亡。 Bcl-xL 在成体神经元中显着表达,可被半胱天冬酶裂解以生成促死亡片段 ΔN-Bcl-xL。我们发现在缺血之前或之后施用 ABT-737 可抑制 ΔN-Bcl-xL 诱导的线粒体通道活性和神经元死亡。为了确定 ΔN-Bcl-xL 的因果作用,我们生成了表达 caspase 抗性 Bcl-xL 的敲入小鼠。敲入小鼠的线粒体通道活性显着降低,并降低了缺血引起的神经元死亡的脆弱性。这些发现表明截短的 Bcl-xL 作为缺血性脑损伤的潜在重要治疗靶点。
Transient global ischemia in rats induces delayed death of hippocampal CA1 neurons. Early events include caspase activation, cleavage of anti-death Bcl-2 family proteins and large mitochondrial channel activity. However, a causal role of these events in ischemia-induced neuronal death is unclear. Unexpectedly, we found that the Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibitor ABT-737, which enhances death of tumor cells, protects rats against neuronal death in a clinically relevant model of brain ischemia. Bcl-xL is prominently expressed in adult neurons and can be cleaved by caspases to generate a pro-death fragment ΔN-Bcl-xL. We found that ABT-737 administered before or after ischemia inhibited ΔN-Bcl-xL-induced mitochondrial channel activity and neuronal death. To establish a causal role for ΔN-Bcl-xL, we generated knockin mice expressing caspase-resistant Bcl-xL. The knockin mice exhibit strikingly reduced mitochondrial channel activity and reduced vulnerability to ischemia-induced neuronal death. These findings point to truncated Bcl-xL as a potentially important therapeutic target in ischemic brain injury.
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