Hamstring musculotendon dynamics during stance and swing phases of high-speed running.
Hamstring musculotendon dynamics during stance and swing phases of high-speed running.
复制标题
在高速跑步的姿势和挥杆阶段的ham绳肌动力学。
DOI：
10.1249/mss.0b013e3181f23fe8
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发表时间：
2011-03
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Thelen DG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chumanov ES;Heiderscheit BC;Thelen DG
腿筋拉伤在涉及高速跑步的运动中很常见。目前还不确定在摆动后期（此时腘绳肌活跃且伸长）或站立期间（存在接触负荷）腘绳肌是否容易受伤。在这项研究中，我们使用正向动态模拟来比较高速跑步步态周期的站立和摆动阶段的腘绳肌腱拉伸、负载和做功。当 12 名受试者以 80% 到最大（平均 7.8 m/s）的速度在仪器跑步机上跑步时，收集了全身运动学、肌电图活动和地面反应。然后使用全身肌肉骨骼模型创建针对特定对象的模拟，该模型包括作用于臀部和膝盖的 52 个 Hill 型肌肉腱单元。使用计算的肌肉控制算法来确定驱动肢体跟踪测量的髋部和膝部矢状面运动学的肌肉激励模式，并将测量的地面反应应用于肢体。腘绳肌在步态周期（摆动）的 50% 至 90% 的负载下拉长，然后从摆动后期到站立期间在负载下缩短。虽然峰值腘绳肌拉伸不随速度变化，但横向腘绳肌（股二头肌）负荷随速度显着增加，并且在以最快速度挥杆时最大。双关节腘绳肌仅在摆动阶段对系统进行负功，负功的量随着速度的增加而显着增加。我们得出的结论是，与站立阶段相比，高速跑步期间的大惯性负载似乎使腿筋在摆动阶段最容易受伤。这些信息对于科学地制定有效的肌肉损伤预防和康复计划相关。
Hamstring strain injuries are common in sports that involve high speed running. It remains uncertain whether the hamstrings are susceptible to injury during late swing phase, when the hamstrings are active and lengthening, or during stance, when contact loads are present. In this study we used forward dynamic simulations to compare hamstring musculotendon stretch, loading and work done during stance and swing phases of high speed running gait cycles. Whole body kinematics, EMG activities and ground reactions were collected as 12 subjects ran on an instrumented treadmill at speeds ranging from 80% to maximum (average of 7.8 m/s). Subject-specific simulations were then created using a whole body musculoskeletal model that included fifty-two Hill-type musculotendon units acting about the hip and knee. A computed muscle control algorithm was used to determine muscle excitation patterns that drove the limb to track measured hip and knee sagittal plane kinematics, with measured ground reactions applied to the limb. The hamstrings lengthened under load from 50% to 90% of the gait cycle (swing), and then shortened under load from late swing through stance. While peak hamstring stretch was invariant with speed, lateral hamstring (biceps femoris) loading increased significantly with speed, and was greatest during swing at the fastest speed. The biarticular hamstrings performed negative work on the system only during swing phase, with the amount of negative work increasing significantly with speed. We concluded that the large inertial loads during high speed running appear to make the hamstrings most susceptible to injury during swing phase when compared to stance phase. This information is relevant for scientifically establishing effective muscle injury prevention and rehabilitation programs.