Y chromosomes of prehistoric people along the Yangtze River
Y chromosomes of prehistoric people along the Yangtze River
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DOI：
10.1007/s00439-007-0407-2
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发表时间：
2007-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Jin, Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Hui;Huang, Ying;Jin, Li
从古代遗骸中提取线粒体和细胞核DNA的能力使古代DNA的研究成为可能，这是一个合法的领域已经有20多年了。最近，Y染色体基因分型已开始应用于古DNA。东亚的Y染色体单倍群引起了分子人类学家的注意，因为它是该地区最具种族相关性的遗传标记之一。本文对古代东亚人的Y染色体DNA单倍群进行了检查，以将他们与现代人群进行遗传联系。从五个考古遗址中采集了五十六具人类遗骸，主要是沿着长江。严格的标准被遵循以消除潜在的污染。从大多数样本中成功扩增了来自Y染色体的5个SNP，其中至少62.5%的样本属于O单倍群，与现代东亚人群的频率相似。在长江口良渚文化遗址中发现了高频率的O1，将该文化与现代南岛语族和傣族人口联系起来。在长江中游大溪遗址发现了一个罕见的单倍群O3d，表明大溪人可能是现代苗族的祖先，现代苗族只显示出少量的O3d痕迹。史前文化中存在着明显的遗传分离现象，显示了中华文明多元起源的遗传基础。
The ability to extract mitochondrial and nuclear DNA from ancient remains has enabled the study of ancient DNA, a legitimate field for over 20 years now. Recently, Y chromosome genotyping has begun to be applied to ancient DNA. The Y chromosome haplogroup in East Asia has since caught the attention of molecular anthropologists, as it is one of the most ethnic-related genetic markers of the region. In this paper, the Y chromosome haplogroup of DNA from ancient East Asians was examined, in order to genetically link them to modern populations. Fifty-six human remains were sampled from five archaeological sites, primarily along the Yangtze River. Strict criteria were followed to eliminate potential contamination. Five SNPs from the Y chromosome were successfully amplified from most of the samples, with at least 62.5% of the samples belonging to the O haplogroup, similar to the frequency for modern East Asian populations. A high frequency of O1 was found in Liangzhu Culture sites around the mouth of the Yangtze River, linking this culture to modern Austronesian and Daic populations. A rare haplogroup, O3d, was found at the Daxi site in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, indicating that the Daxi people might be the ancestors of modern Hmong-Mien populations, which show only small traces of O3d today. Noticeable genetic segregation was observed among the prehistoric cultures, demonstrating the genetic foundation of the multiple origins of the Chinese Civilization.