Water Relations of Cut Roses as Influenced by Vapor Pressure Deficits and Temperatures
Water Relations of Cut Roses as Influenced by Vapor Pressure Deficits and Temperatures
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蒸气压差和温度对切花玫瑰水分关系的影响
DOI：
10.2503/jjshs.69.584
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发表时间：
2000
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Imanishi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Doi;Yuxiao Hu;H. Imanishi
新鲜收获的“Bridal Pink”玫瑰（Rosa hybrida L.），将其茎基部放入装有去离子水的试管中，放置在玻璃罐中，并在14、20或30°C的受控环境室中保存。罐内蒸汽压差（VPD）维持在接近0 kPa（无VPD: NVPD）或0.9 kPa（中间VPD: IVPD）。在所有温度和vpd下，切花月季鲜重均先升高后降低；IVPD患者比NVPD患者出现的时间更早，且温度更高。在30,20和14°C条件下，所有放置在IVPD中的花颈分别在采后48,144和312小时内弯曲；而NVPD未发生颈屈。无论温度如何，IVPD处理的玫瑰蒸腾速率和吸水速率均显著高于NVPD处理。在IVPD中，这些比率最初升高，但分别在30、20和14°C下48、72和96小时后下降。花瓣水势在30℃条件下的前36小时逐渐下降，但在14℃条件下没有变化。渗透势随时间的增加而增加，在30℃时渗透势高于14℃。果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖是花瓣中的主要糖。这些糖的浓度在前36小时内下降，在30°C时比在14°C时下降得更大。这些糖对花瓣渗透势的贡献仅为10%。这些数据表明，采收后立即切花玫瑰的水分关系受到高VPD的极大影响，通过加速蒸腾速率，随后通过渗透势升高而升高温度，部分原因是呼吸基质的消耗。
Freshly harvested 'Bridal Pink' roses (Rosa hybrida L.), with their stem bases in test tubes containing deionized water, were placed in a glass tank and held in a controlled environment room at 14, 20, or 30°C. The vapor pressure deficit (VPD) in the tank was maintained at nearly 0 kPa (no VPD : NVPD) or 0.9 kPa (intermediate VPD : IVPD). At all temperatures and VPDs, the fresh weight of cut roses increased initially and then decreased ; the decrease occurred earlier in IVPD than in NVPD and at higher temperatures. Necks of all flowers placed in IVPD became bent within 48, 144, and 312 hr of postharvest at 30, 20, and 14°C, respectively ; whereas, bent neck did not develop in NVPD. Irrespective of temperature, transpiration and water uptake rates of the roses placed in IVPD were markedly higher than those in NVPD. In IVPD, these rates increased initially, but decreased after 48, 72, and 96 hr at 30, 20, and 14°C, respectively. Petal water potential gradually decreased during the first 36 hr at 30°C in IVPD, but did not change at 14°C. The osmotic potential increased with time and was higher at 30°C than at 14°C. Fructose, glucose, and sucrose were the major sugars in petals. Concentrations of these sugars decreased during the first 36 hr, the decrease being greater at 30°C than at 14°C. The contribution of these sugars to the petal osmotic potentials was only 10%. These data indicate that the water relations of cut roses, immediately after harvest, was greatly influenced by high VPD by hastening the transpiration rate, and subsequently by increasing temperature through rise in the osmotic potential which was partly attributable to the consumption of respiratory substrate.