Highly efficient solar vapour generation via hierarchically nanostructured gels
Highly efficient solar vapour generation via hierarchically nanostructured gels
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DOI：
10.1038/s41565-018-0097-z
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发表时间：
2018-06-01
影响因子：
38.3
通讯作者：
Yu, Guihua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Zhao, Fei;Zhou, Xingyi;Yu, Guihua
太阳能蒸汽产生是一种收集太阳能用于净化污染水或盐水的有效方法。然而，水蒸发要么存在太阳能利用效率低下的问题，要么依赖复杂且昂贵的聚光配件。在此，我们展示了一种基于聚乙烯醇（PVA）和聚吡咯（PPy）的分级纳米结构凝胶（HNG），它可作为一种独立的太阳能蒸汽发生器。转换后的能量可原位用于驱动PVA网络分子网眼中所含水的汽化，水凝胶的骨架促进了水的蒸发。一个漂浮的HNG样品在1个太阳光照下，通过94%的太阳能以3.2千克/平方米·小时的创纪录高速蒸发水，并且在净化盐水时，每平方米的HNG每天可产出18 - 23升水。由于在自然阳光下分子网眼中水蒸发的潜热降低，这些数值是可以实现的。
Solar vapour generation is an efficient way of harvesting solar energy for the purification of polluted or saline water. However, water evaporation suffers from either inefficient utilization of solar energy or relies on complex and expensive light-concentration accessories. Here, we demonstrate a hierarchically nanostructured gel (HNG) based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polypyrrole (PPy) that serves as an independent solar vapour generator. The converted energy can be utilized in situ to power the vaporization of water contained in the molecular meshes of the PVA network, where water evaporation is facilitated by the skeleton of the hydrogel. A floating HNG sample evaporated water with a record high rate of 3.2 kg m(-2) h(-1) via 94% solar energy from 1 sun irradiation, and 18-23 litres of water per square metre of HNG was delivered daily when purifying brine water. These values were achievable due to the reduced latent heat of water evaporation in the molecular mesh under natural sunlight.