Psychopathic traits linked to alterations in neural activity during personality judgments of self and others
Psychopathic traits linked to alterations in neural activity during personality judgments of self and others
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nicl.2018.02.029
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Koenigs, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deming, Philip;Philippi, Carissa L.;Koenigs, Michael
精神变态者因其浮夸的自我价值感和无视他人福祉而臭名昭著。这些特征背后的一种潜在心理机制是“自我”与“他人”的相对考虑。在这里，我们使用基于任务的功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 来识别成年男性监禁罪犯样本 (n = 57) 在对自己和熟悉的他人进行人格特质判断时的神经反应。神经活动在两组精神病特征上进行了回归：因素 1（例如，自我中心和缺乏同理心）和因素 2（例如，冲动和不负责任）。与我们的假设相反，因子 1 分数与自我或他人判断期间的神经活动没有显着相关。然而，因子 2 特征与双侧后扣带皮层和右侧颞顶交界处的自我判断（相对于他人判断）的激活减弱相关。这些发现强调了与社会情感认知维度相关的皮质区域，这可能是精神病个体冲动特征的基础。
Psychopathic individuals are notorious for their grandiose sense of self-worth and disregard for the welfare of others. One potential psychological mechanism underlying these traits is the relative consideration of "self" versus "others". Here we used task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to identify neural responses during personality trait judgments about oneself and a familiar other in a sample of adult male incarcerated offenders (n = 57). Neural activity was regressed on two clusters of psychopathic traits: Factor 1 (e.g., egocentricity and lack of empathy) and Factor 2 (e.g., impulsivity and irresponsibility). Contrary to our hypotheses, Factor 1 scores were not significantly related to neural activity during self- or other-judgments. However, Factor 2 traits were associated with diminished activation to self-judgments, in relation to other-judgments, in bilateral posterior cingulate cortex and right temporoparietal junction. These findings highlight cortical regions associated with a dimension of social-affective cognition that may underlie psychopathic individuals' impulsive traits.