Palynological evidence for prolonged cooling along the Tunisian continental shelf following the K-Pg boundary impact

Palynological evidence for prolonged cooling along the Tunisian continental shelf following the K-Pg boundary impact
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K-Pg 边界撞击后突尼斯大陆架长期变冷的孢粉学证据

DOI:
10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.03.021
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Brinkhuis
Brinkhuis
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Vellekoop;van de Schootbrugge;Weijers;Galeotti;Sinninghe Damsté;Brinkhuis

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白垩纪-古近纪(K-PG)界线大灭绝事件与大的地外碰撞导致的重大全球环境变化有关。在K-PG大规模灭绝中,产生有机壁囊的海洋甲藻(甲藻)相对毫发无损地幸存下来,使它们非常适合重建这些环境变化。到目前为止,可用的最好的恐囊记录之一来自于位于El Kef(突尼斯西北部)的K-PG边界全球层型剖面和点(GSSP)。在那里,藻囊的记录显示了边界的巨大波动,可能反映了对环境变化的强烈反应。到目前为止,这些波动还没有得到其他研究的证实。因此,在这项研究中,我们对El Kef以南约75公里处ELLES剖面的一组密集样本进行了高分辨率海洋孢粉学研究,以产生跨越K-PG边界的古环境和古气候记录,从而能够核实和完善早先报告的环境变化。为了更好地约束基于定性生物指标的重建,我们使用了定量海洋表面温度指标TEX86。不幸的是,由于沉积后氧化作用,研究剖面的TEX86替代记录受到了损害。然而,ELIES的不同的恐囊组合显示出类似于El Kef记录的强烈波动,因此证实了早先记录的信号,显示出快速的区域一致的变化。这些记录表明,白垩纪末期的特点是逐渐降温,相对海平面开始下降。在紧随灭绝后的时间间隔内,在撞击后的头数千年里,恐囊组合显示出高纬度恐囊物种的多次入侵,这意味着重复的冷却脉冲。这些结果表明,突尼斯大陆架上最早的达尼亚气候和环境条件相对不稳定。
The Cretaceous–Palaeogene (K–Pg) boundary mass extinction event is related to major global environmental changes resulting from a large extraterrestrial impact. Organic-walled cyst-producing marine dinoflagellates (dinocysts) survived the K–Pg mass-extinction relatively unscathed, making them ideally suited for reconstructing these environmental changes. So far, one of the best dinocyst records available is from the K–Pg boundary Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) at El Kef (NW Tunisia). There, the dinocyst record shows major fluctuations across the boundary, likely reflecting strong responses to environmental changes. These fluctuations have so far not been confirmed by other studies. Therefore, in this study we performed a high-resolution marine palynological study on a closely spaced sample set from the Elles section, some 75 km south of El Kef, in order to generate a palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic record across the K–Pg boundary to allow verification and refinement of earlier reported environmental changes. To better constrain the reconstructions based on qualitative biotic proxies we employed the quantitative sea surface temperature proxy TEX86. Unfortunately, the TEX86proxy record of the studied section is compromised because of post-depositional oxidation. However, the diverse dinocyst assemblages at Elles show strong fluctuations similar to the El Kef record, therefore confirming the earlier recorded signals, showing rapid, regionally consistent changes. These records imply that the latest Cretaceous was characterized by a gradual cooling trend and the onset of relative sea level fall. Within the immediate post-extinction interval, in the first thousands of years after the impact, dinocyst assemblages reveal multiple incursions of higher-latitude dinocyst species implying repeated pulses of cooling. These results signify that the earliest Danian climatic and environmental conditions were relatively unstable across the Tunisian shelf.
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