Natural contamination of dietary rice straw with zearalenone and urinary zearalenone concentrations in a cattle herd
Natural contamination of dietary rice straw with zearalenone and urinary zearalenone concentrations in a cattle herd
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DOI：
10.2527/jas.2011-4579
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发表时间：
2012-05-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Fink-Gremmels, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hasunuma, H.;Takagi, M.;Fink-Gremmels, J.
本研究旨在1)确定玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN）污染饲料的天然来源，该来源被怀疑是导致我们的一个实验牛群尿液ZEN浓度持续升高的原因；2)评估针对该污染源的干预效果。作为实验模型，一个育肥的日本黑牛群显示尿ZEN浓度持续升高。在饲喂新稻草的奶牛（试验组，n = 6）和继续饲喂旧稻草的奶牛（对照组，n = 4）开始（第1天）和开始饲喂稻草后2周（第14天）测量尿液ZEN浓度。同时采用ELISA和HPLC法测定饲料和水样中ZEN的浓度。此外，还对稻秆和精料饲料样品中的真菌进行了分离鉴定。新稻草饲牛尿液ZEN浓度[ZEN (pg/mL)/肌酐(mg/mL) = pg/mg肌酐]（843 pg/mg肌酐）显著低于旧稻草饲牛（15,951 pg/mg肌酐）（P < 0.05）。在第1天和第14天，旧稻草的ZEN浓度均高于新稻草。另外，从疑似ZEN污染的旧稻草中获得的培养基中观察到真菌菌落，而在新稻草或其他饲料样品的培养基中未观察到真菌菌落。总之，我们的田间试验清楚地表明，饲喂奶牛的稻草自然受到ZEN污染，并且尿液ZEN浓度监测可以证明是检测奶牛在农场水平上暴露于ZEN污染的有用工具。
The present study was conducted to 1) identify the natural source of feed contamination by zearalenone (ZEN), which was suspected to have caused persistently increased urinary ZEN concentrations in one of our experimental cattle herds, and 2) evaluate the effects of intervention against this source of contamination. As an experimental model, a fattening Japanese Black cattle herd showing persistently increased urinary ZEN concentrations was identified. Urinary ZEN concentrations of cows fed with new rice straw (experimental group, n = 6) vs. cows that continued to feed on the old rice straw (control group, n = 4) were measured at the start (d 1) and at 2 wk (d 14) after the onset of feeding with straw. In addition, the ZEN concentration in feed and water samples was measured by using both the ELISA and HPLC methods. Furthermore, isolation and identification of fungi from rice straw and concentrate feed samples were performed. The urinary ZEN concentration [ZEN (pg/mL)/creatinine (mg/mL) = pg/mg of creatinine] of cows fed with new rice straw was significantly (P < 0.05) less (843 pg/mg of creatinine) than that of cows fed with old rice straw (15,951 pg/mg of creatinine). On both d 1 and 14, the ZEN concentrations of old rice straw were greater than those of new rice straw. In addition, fungal colonies were observed in the culture media that was obtained from the old rice straw suspected of ZEN contamination, but not in the culture media from new rice straw or other feed samples. In conclusion, our field trials clearly indicate that the rice straw fed to the cows was naturally contaminated with ZEN, and that the monitoring of urinary ZEN concentrations could prove to be a useful tool for detecting the exposure of cattle to ZEN contamination at the farm level.