Altered gene activity correlated with long-term memory formation of conditioned taste aversion in Lymnaea
Altered gene activity correlated with long-term memory formation of conditioned taste aversion in Lymnaea
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DOI：
10.1002/jnr.21045
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发表时间：
2006-11-15
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Ito, Etsuro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Azami, Sachiyo;Wagatsuma, Akiko;Ito, Etsuro
池塘蜗牛能够学习条件性味觉厌恶（CTA），然后将这种学习巩固为持续至少1个月的长期记忆（LTM）。LTM需要从头蛋白质合成和改变基因活性。目前还没有发现与记忆形成相关的基因活性变化，更不用说记忆形成的原因了。作为纠正这种情况的第一步，我们构建了一个cDNA微阵列的mRNA提取的中枢神经系统（CNS）的。然后，我们使用这种微阵列分析，确定了CTA记忆巩固后活性增加或减少的基因。我们还鉴定了在抑制环磷酸腺苷反应元件结合蛋白（CREB）后表达水平发生改变的基因，该蛋白被假设为CTA记忆的关键转录因子。我们发现软体动物胰岛素相关肽II（MIP II）在CTA-LTM过程中上调，而编码足肽前激素原（Pep）的基因通过CRE 132 RNA干扰下调。我们接下来使用SYBR绿色实时RT-PCR检测MIP II和Pep的mRNA。证实了对CTA表现出“良好”记忆的蜗牛的CNS中的MIP II mRNA水平显著高于表现出“良好”记忆的蜗牛的CNS中的MIP II mRNA水平。可怜的“记忆”。相比之下，有没有“好”和“差”的表演者之间的Pep mRNA的表达水平的显着差异。这些数据表明，MIP II可能在CTA训练后形成LTM的巩固过程中发挥作用。(c)2006 Wiley-Liss，Inc.
The pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis is capable of learning conditioned taste aversion (CTA) and then consolidating that learning into long-term memory (LTM) that persists for at least 1 month. LTM requires cle novo protein synthesis and altered gene activity. Changes in gene activity in Lymnaea that are correlated with, much less causative, memory formation have not yet been identified. As a first step toward rectifying this situation, we constructed a cDNA microarray with mRNAs extracted from the central nervous system (CNS) of Lymnaea. We then, using this microarray assay, identified genes whose activity either increased or decreased following CTA memory consolidation. We also identified genes whose expression levels were altered after inhibition of the cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) that is hypothesized to be a key transcription factor for CTA memory. We found that the molluscan insulin-related peptide II (MIP II) was up-regulated during CTA-LTM, whereas the gene encoding pedal peptide preprohormone (Pep) was down-regulated by CRE132 RNA interference. We next examined mRNAs, of MIP II and Pep using real-time RT-PCR with SYBR Green. The MIP II mRNA level in the CNS of snails exhibiting "good" memory for CTA was confirmed to be significantly higher than that from the CNS of snails exhibiting.,poor" memory. In contrast, there was no significant difference in expression levels of the Pep mRNA between "good" and "poor" performers. These data suggest that in Lymnaea MIP II may play a role in the consolidation process that forms LTM following CTA training. (c) 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.