Preventing Dementia?: Critical Perspectives on a New Paradigm of Preparing for Old AgeAnnetteLeibing & SilkeSchicktanz (eds). New York, NY: Berghahn Books. 2021. 268 pp. $145.00/£107.00 (Hb) $29.95 (ebk) ISBN 978-1-78920-909-9
Preventing Dementia?: Critical Perspectives on a New Paradigm of Preparing for Old AgeAnnetteLeibing & SilkeSchicktanz (eds). New York, NY: Berghahn Books. 2021. 268 pp. $145.00/£107.00 (Hb) $29.95 (ebk) ISBN 978-1-78920-909-9
复制标题
预防痴呆症？：对老年准备新范式的批判视角安妮特·雷宾
DOI：
10.1111/1467-9566.13248
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Brenman N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brenman N
预防痴呆症？编辑 Annette Leibing 和 Silke Schicktanz 将他们所谓的“新痴呆症”以及围绕它的新兴预防范式作为整个社会科学领域重要贡献的集合的焦点。这本书的引人注目之处在于它的实证案例推动社会科学家超越有关医疗化、大脑中心、还原论和技术解决主义的常见论点进行思考。乍一看，这似乎是对公共卫生和生物医学领域的新颖性的直接反映，实际上却扰乱了我们在新颖性和高科技之间的联系。这本书首先概述了痴呆症领域最近“转向预防”的趋势：一个关于风险因素和可能的干预措施概念不断扩展的故事。他们借鉴《柳叶刀》痴呆症预防、干预和护理委员会（Livingstone 等人，2017 年）的经验，概述了目前与早年、中年以及老年生活方式相关的关键可改变风险因素。这标志着与现有的痴呆症预防方法的背离，即老年痴呆症预防“仅限于关于‘大脑训练’的相当不确定的想法”（第 1 页），并且重新关注整个身体和生命历程。编辑和撰稿人并没有将痴呆症预防的“新颖性”视为理所当然，而是在整本书中探讨了新事物和“不那么新”的事物。例如，我们了解到，这种预防范式将大脑、身体和社会环境联系起来，其方式远远早于阿尔茨海默病模型（第 3 页）。我被“大脑变成身体”的人类学概念所吸引（同上），特别是当它进入主流公共卫生方法时。事实上，引言表明了一种谨慎的乐观态度，挑战了社会科学家迄今为止对痴呆症领域描绘的神经还原论图景。然而，接下来的章节将展示贡献者根据经验遇到的预防范式的危险和陷阱。我在这篇文章中读到了一条强烈的“小心你的愿望”的信息，揭示了预防理想如何在实践中发挥自己的生命力时如何被改变、增补或被视为固有缺陷：认识到与贫困相关的风险导致
In Preventing Dementia? Editors Annette Leibing and Silke Schicktanz take what they call the “new dementia,” and the emergent prevention paradigm surrounding it, as the focus for a collection of critical contributions from across the social sciences. What’s striking about the book is the way its empirical case pushes social scientists to think beyond familiar arguments about medicalisation, brain-centredness, reductionism, and techsolutionism. What might at first seem like a straightforward reflection on what is considered novel in public health and biomedicine, in fact unsettles our associations between newness and the high-tech. The book opens with a rundown of the recent ‘turn toward prevention’in the field of dementia: a story of expanding notions of risk factors and possible interventions. Drawing from a Lancet Commission on Dementia Prevention, Intervention and Care (Livingstone et al. 2017), they outline key modifiable risk factors that are now associated with lifestyle in early and mid-life as well as older age. This marks a departure from existing approaches to dementia prevention, which were “restricted to rather uncertain ideas around ‘brain training’” in older age (p. 1), and a renewed focus on the whole body and life-course.Rather than taking the ‘newness’ of dementia prevention for granted, the editors and contributors play with what is new and what is ‘not so new’throughout the book. We learn, for example, that this prevention paradigm links the brain, the body and the social environment in ways that far precede the Alzheimer’s disease model (page 3). I was compelled by the anthropological notion of “brain becoming body,”(ibid.) particularly as it enters mainstream public health approaches. Indeed, the introduction suggests a cautious optimism that challenges the neuro-reductionist picture that social scientists have painted of the dementia field thus far. However, the chapters that follow show the dangers and pitfalls of the prevention paradigm as the contributors encounter it empirically. I read in this a strong ‘be careful what you wish for’message, revealing how prevention ideals can be transformed, co-opted, or seen to be inherently flawed, as they take on a life of their own in practice: a recognition of poverty-related risk leading to