Temperature- and density-dependence of diapause induction and its life history correlates in the geometrid moth Chiasmia clathrata (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)
Temperature- and density-dependence of diapause induction and its life history correlates in the geometrid moth Chiasmia clathrata (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)
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滞育诱导的温度和密度依赖性及其生活史与尺蛾 Chiasmia clathrata（鳞翅目：尺蛾科）相关
DOI：
10.1007/s10682-013-9657-8
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
M. Mäenpää
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Välimäki;S. M. Kivelä;M. Mäenpää
遗传学和发育可塑性在创造适应普遍条件的表型方面的相对作用尚未得到充分了解。在潜在的多化性温带昆虫中，不进入滞育但在同一季节内直接发育成生殖成虫的个体受到严重的时间限制。然而，只有在野生环境中表达时，直接发育才处于选择之下。因此，适应相关的直接发展，预计将演变和持续只有在多化性种群。研究了一化性和二化性地区尺蠖Chiasmia clathrata幼期发育变异的遗传和表型组成。在析因分裂育雏实验中，在两种温度（14/20 °C）和密度（低/高）下饲养幼虫。高温和低密度促进直接发育，前者与发育时间短、生长速度快和体型大有关。二化性起源的基因型有更高的直接发展的倾向，似乎表示一个夸张的塑料反应温度升高相比，从一化性种群。与诱导发育途径相关的替代生活史表型仅出现在二化性区域，直接发育导致幼虫期短，生长速率高，在20 °C下尺寸小。发育途径之间的分化程度对幼虫密度不敏感;高密度仅在一定程度上降低发育时间和体型。我们的结论是，途径之间的差异是不是由于一个特定的途径本身的诱导，但地理上不同的选择压力形状之间的相关结构的生活史特征和他们的路径特定的表达。
The relative roles of genetics and developmental plasticity in creating phenotypes adapted to prevailing conditions are insufficiently understood. In potentially multivoltine temperate insects, individuals that do not enter diapause but develop directly into reproductive adults within the same season are severely time-constrained. Direct development is, however, under selection only if expressed in the wild. Thus, adaptive correlates of the direct development are expected to evolve and persist only in multivoltine populations. We studied the genetic and phenotypic components of variation in juvenile development in the geometrid mothChiasmia clathratafrom univoltine and bivoltine regions. Larvae were reared at two temperatures (14/20 °C) and densities (low/high) in a factorial split-brood experiment. High temperature and low density promoted direct development, the former condition being associated with a short development time, high growth rate and large body size. Genotypes of bivoltine origin had a higher propensity for direct development and seemingly expressed an exaggerated plastic response to increasing temperature compared to the ones from univoltine populations. Alternative life history phenotypes associated with the induced developmental pathway emerged only in the bivoltine region, direct development resulting in a short larval period, high growth rate and small size at 20 °C there. The degree of differentiation between the developmental pathways was insensitive to larval density; high density only decreased both development time and body size to a certain degree. We conclude that the differences between the pathways are not due to the induction of a particular pathway itself, but geographically varying selection pressures shape the correlation structure among life history traits and their pathway-specific expression.