On the value-dependence of value-driven attentional capture.
On the value-dependence of value-driven attentional capture.
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DOI：
10.3758/s13414-017-1289-6
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发表时间：
2017-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Halpern M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Anderson BA;Halpern M
越来越多的研究结果被用来证明注意力捕获可以依赖于刺激的学习价值，或者价值驱动。然而，在某些情况下，注意力可能会偏向于选择以前作为目标的刺激，而不受奖励历史的影响。价值驱动的注意力捕获，采用安德森和同事引入的训练阶段-测试阶段设计进行研究，被广泛认为反映了学习价值和选择历史的综合影响。然而，在这种范式中，注意力捕获在多大程度上取决于价值学习，最近受到了质疑。对价值依赖的支持可以通过以下两种方式之一来提供：(1)奖励训练后的先验目标比无奖励训练后的先验目标获得更多的注意力；(2)与低价值相比，与高价值相关的先验目标获得更多的注意力。使用原始价值驱动的注意力捕获范式的变体，未能找到任何证据，并对使用该特定范式的先前研究提供的证据的充分性提出了批评。为了解决这一差异，我们使用传统的价值驱动注意力捕获范式对价值依赖假设进行了严格的检验。在足够大的样本量下，基于两个标准观察到价值依赖性，没有证据表明在训练期间没有奖励的注意力捕获。我们的研究结果支持了传统的价值驱动的注意力捕获范式在测量其名称所要测量的内容方面的有效性。
Findings from an increasingly large number of studies have been used to argue that attentional capture can be dependent on the learned value of a stimulus, or value-driven. However, under certain circumstances attention can be biased to select stimuli that previously served as targets, independent of reward history. Value-driven attentional capture, as studied using the training phase-test phase design introduced by Anderson and colleagues, is widely presumed to reflect the combined influence of learned value and selection history. However, the degree to which attentional capture is at all dependent on value learning in this paradigm has recently been questioned. Support for value-dependence can be provided through one of two means: (1) greater attentional capture by prior targets following rewarded training than following unrewarded training, and (2) greater attentional capture by prior targets previously associated with high compared to low value. Using a variant of the original value-driven attentional capture paradigm, failed to find evidence of either, and raised criticisms regarding the adequacy of evidence provided by prior studies using this particular paradigm. To address this disparity, here we provided a stringent test of the value-dependence hypothesis using the traditional value-driven attentional capture paradigm. With a sufficiently large sample size, value-dependence was observed based on both criteria, with no evidence of attentional capture without rewards during training. Our findings support the validity of the traditional value-driven attentional capture paradigm in measuring what its name purports to measure.