Responses of cerebellar Purkinje cells during fictive optomotor behavior in larval zebrafish.
Responses of cerebellar Purkinje cells during fictive optomotor behavior in larval zebrafish.
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.00042.2016
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发表时间：
2016-08
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Karina Scalise;Takashi Shimizu;M. Hibi;N. Sawtell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karina Scalise;Takashi Shimizu;M. Hibi;N. Sawtell
尽管大多数对小脑的研究都是在哺乳动物中进行的，但脊椎动物的小脑回路是高度保守的，这表明对更简单系统的研究可能有助于理解小脑功能。斑马鱼幼体在这方面特别有希望，因为它可以进行光学监测和神经活动的操纵。尽管几项研究表明，小脑在幼虫阶段的行为中发挥了作用，但对特定类别的小脑神经元传递的信号知之甚少。在这里，我们使用电生理记录，在虚构的视觉运动反应(OMR)的背景下，描述斑马鱼幼体浦肯野细胞的亚阈值、简单棘波和攀爬纤维反应--一种鱼调整运动输出以稳定其相对于视觉刺激的虚拟位置的范式。尽管浦肯野细胞的视觉反应很明显，但它们缺乏控制OMR所需的方向或速度敏感度。另一方面，浦肯野细胞在虚构的游泳比赛中表现出强烈的反应。这些反应的时间特征暗示了斑马鱼幼体小脑在控制游泳中的一般作用。攀爬纤维同时编码视觉和运动信号，但似乎不编码可用于调节OMR增益的信号，如视网膜滑脱。最后，对单个浦肯野细胞中简单棘波和攀升纤维反应之间的不同关系的观察突显了在钙成像实验中区分这两种类型活动的重要性。
Although most studies of the cerebellum have been conducted in mammals, cerebellar circuitry is highly conserved across vertebrates, suggesting that studies of simpler systems may be useful for understanding cerebellar function. The larval zebrafish is particularly promising in this regard because of its accessibility to optical monitoring and manipulations of neural activity. Although several studies suggest that the cerebellum plays a role in behavior at larval stages, little is known about the signals conveyed by particular classes of cerebellar neurons. Here we use electrophysiological recordings to characterize subthreshold, simple spike, and climbing fiber responses in larval zebrafish Purkinje cells in the context of the fictive optomotor response (OMR)-a paradigm in which fish adjust motor output to stabilize their virtual position relative to a visual stimulus. Although visual responses were prominent in Purkinje cells, they lacked the direction or velocity sensitivity that would be expected for controlling the OMR. On the other hand, Purkinje cells exhibited strong responses during fictive swim bouts. Temporal characteristics of these responses are suggestive of a general role for the larval zebrafish cerebellum in controlling swimming. Climbing fibers encoded both visual and motor signals but did not appear to encode signals that could be used to adjust OMR gain, such as retinal slip. Finally, the observation of diverse relationships between simple spikes and climbing fiber responses in individual Purkinje cells highlights the importance of distinguishing between these two types of activity in calcium imaging experiments.