Evaluation of a Rapid HIV Testing Initiative in an Urban, Hospital-Based Dental Clinic
Evaluation of a Rapid HIV Testing Initiative in an Urban, Hospital-Based Dental Clinic
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DOI：
10.1089/apc.2010.0159
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发表时间：
2010-12-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Mannheimer, Sharon B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blackstock, Oni J.;King, James R.;Mannheimer, Sharon B.
在牙科诊所等非传统临床环境中进行快速艾滋病毒检测是一种潜在的方法，可以针对那些无法获得提供艾滋病毒检测的医疗保健环境的高危人群。2008年3月，位于纽约市的哈莱姆医院中心在其现场牙科诊所发起了一项以顾问为基础的艾滋病毒快速检测倡议。一个全职的，受过训练的顾问同意和测试的病人，因为他们等待他们的任命。使用全血、手指针刺快速HIV检测进行HIV筛查。通过这一举措，从2008年3月1日至2009年12月31日，进行了3 864次艾滋病毒检测，代表了3 565名独特的个人和97.6%的牙科患者接受检测。在接受测试的人群中，平均年龄为38.5岁，其中47.1%为女性，75.5%为黑人，20.6%为西班牙裔。自我报告的艾滋病毒危险行为包括73.5%的人最近与无保护的异性性交，4.6%的人最近或过去注射毒品，2.6%的人确定为男男性行为。19名以前未确诊的人（0.53%）被确认为艾滋病毒阳性。这些人的平均年龄为38.3岁，男性占84.2%。15例新诊断患者（78.9%）与护理有关。在与护理相关的患者中，初始CD4细胞计数中位数为317个细胞/mm（3）;其中6人（40%）的CD4细胞计数低于200个细胞/mm（3）。我们的研究结果表明，一个以顾问为基础的快速艾滋病毒检测计划与专门的艾滋病毒护理可以成功地整合到牙科诊所设置。
Performing rapid HIV testing in nontraditional clinical settings such as dental clinics is a potential method for targeting high-risk individuals who may not otherwise access health care settings that offer HIV testing. In March 2008, Harlem Hospital Center, located in New York City, launched a counselor-based rapid HIV testing initiative in its on-site dental clinic. A full-time, trained counselor consented and tested patients as they waited for their appointments. HIV screening was performed using a whole-blood, finger-stick rapid HIV test. Through this initiative, 3864 HIV tests were performed from March 1, 2008 to December 31, 2009, representing 3565 unique individuals and 97.6% of dental patients approached for testing. Of those tested, the mean age was 38.5 years, with 47.1% female, 75.5% black, and 20.6% Hispanic. Self-reported HIV risk behaviors included 73.5% with recent unprotected heterosexual intercourse, 4.6% with recent or past injection drug use, and 2.6% who identified as men who have sex with men. Nineteen previously undiagnosed individuals (0.53%) were confirmed HIV positive. Of these individuals, mean age was 38.3 years with males representing 84.2%. Fifteen newly diagnosed patients (78.9%) were linked to care. Of those linked to care, median initial CD4 cell count was 317 cells/mm(3); 6 of these individuals (40%) had CD4 cell counts below 200 cells/mm(3). Our results demonstrate that a counselor-based rapid HIV testing program with linkage to specialized HIV care can be successfully integrated into the dental clinic setting.