Properties of slow oscillation during slow-wave sleep and anesthesia in cats.
Properties of slow oscillation during slow-wave sleep and anesthesia in cats.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.2339-11.2011
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发表时间：
2011-10-19
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Timofeev I
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文献类型：
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作者：
Chauvette S;Crochet S;Volgushev M;Timofeev I
深度麻醉通常用作慢波睡眠（SWS）的模型。氯胺酮-甲苯噻嗪麻醉再现了睡眠慢振荡的主要特征：场电位中的慢、大振幅波，其由皮层神经元的超极化和去极化状态的交替产生。然而，缺乏在自然睡眠和麻醉期间的场电位和膜电位波动的直接定量比较，因此仍然不清楚氯胺酮-甲苯噻嗪麻醉模型再现睡眠缓慢振荡的性质。在这里，我们使用场电位和细胞内记录在猫的不同皮层区域，直接比较自然睡眠和氯胺酮-甲苯噻嗪麻醉过程中的慢振荡特性。在SWS期间，皮层活动在慢/δ（0.1-4 Hz）和纺锤波（8-14 Hz）频率范围内显示出较高的功率，而在麻醉下，γ频带（30-100 Hz）中的功率较高。在麻醉过程中，慢波更有节奏，在整个皮层更同步。细胞内记录显示，麻醉状态下沉默状态持续时间较长，活动状态与沉默状态转换前后的膜电位幅值较大。慢波在麻醉下在整个皮层区域基本上是均匀的，但在SWS中，它们在联想和视觉区域最明显，但在体感和运动皮层中较小且不太规则。我们的结论是，虽然在睡眠和麻醉中的缓慢振荡的主要特征似乎相似，多个细胞和网络功能不同的表达在自然SWS相比，氯胺酮-甲苯噻嗪麻醉。
Deep anesthesia is commonly used as a model of slow-wave sleep (SWS). Ketamine-xylazine anesthesia reproduces the main features of sleep slow oscillation: slow, large amplitude waves in field potential, which are generated by the alternation of hyperpolarized and depolarized states of cortical neurons. However, direct quantitative comparison of field potential and membrane potential fluctuations during natural sleep and anesthesia is lacking, so it remains unclear how well the properties of sleep slow oscillation are reproduced by the ketamine-xylazine anesthesia model. Here, we used field potential and intracellular recordings in different cortical areas in the cat, to directly compare properties of slow oscillation during natural sleep and ketamine-xylazine anesthesia. During SWS cortical activity showed higher power in the slow/delta (0.1-4 Hz) and spindle (8-14 Hz) frequency range, while under anesthesia the power in the gamma band (30-100 Hz) was higher. During anesthesia, slow waves were more rhythmic and more synchronous across the cortex. Intracellular recordings revealed that silent states were longer and the amplitude of membrane potential around transition between active and silent states was bigger under anesthesia. Slow waves were largely uniform across cortical areas under anesthesia, but in SWS they were most pronounced in associative and visual areas, but smaller and less regular in somatosensory and motor cortices. We conclude that although the main features of the slow oscillation in sleep and anesthesia appear similar, multiple cellular and network features are differently expressed during natural SWS as compared to ketamine-xylazine anesthesia.