Failure-to-thrive, maltreatment and the behavior and development of 6-year-old children from low-income, urban families: A cumulative risk model
Failure-to-thrive, maltreatment and the behavior and development of 6-year-old children from low-income, urban families: A cumulative risk model
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DOI：
10.1016/s0145-2134(00)00126-5
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发表时间：
2000-05-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Black, MM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kerr, MA;Black, MM
目的：利用累积风险模型研究失败-成功（FTT）之间的关系。虐待和儿童发展的四个方面：认知表现（标准化测试），在学校的适应功能，和课堂行为（教师报告），以及在家中的行为（母体报告）。方法：样本包括193名6岁儿童及其家庭，他们是从为市中心低收入，主要是非洲裔美国家庭服务的儿科诊所招募的，他们参与了一项关于儿童发展和虐待的纵向调查。根据他们的成长和虐待史，形成了四个风险组：既没有FTT也没有虐待，仅FIT，仅虐待，以及FTT和虐待。FTT定义为足月出生且出生体重适合胎龄的儿童在25个月龄前体重增加减速（年龄别体重低于第5百分位数）。虐待被定义为至少有一个报告CPS的忽视，身体虐待和/或性abuse.Results：风险状态呈负相关的四个发展成果。有FTT和虐待史的儿童比没有任何危险因素的儿童有更多的行为问题和更差的认知表现和学校功能。只有一个风险因素（无论是FTT或虐待）的儿童实现intermediate scores.Conclusions：研究结果支持累积风险模型更不利于儿童的发展比存在一个单一的风险因素，符合理论联系起来的累积环境风险的负面后果。这些结果强调了干预措施的重要性，以防止家庭暴力和虐待在儿童的早年。(C)2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.
Objective: A cumulative risk model was used to examine the relationship among failure-to-thrive (FTT). maltreatment, and four aspects of children's development: cognitive performance (standardized testing), adaptive functioning at school, and classroom behavior (teacher report), and behavior at home (maternal report).Method: The sample included 193 6-year-old children and their families, recruited from pediatric clinics serving inner-city, low-income, primarily African-American families, who were part of a longitudinal investigation of child development and maltreatment. Four risk groups were formed based on their growth and maltreatment history: neither FTT nor Maltreatment, FIT Only, Maltreatment Only, and both FTT and Maltreatment. FTT was defined as a deceleration in weight gain (weight-for-age below the 5th percentile) prior to 25 months of age among children born at term with birth weight appropriate for gestational age. Maltreatment was defined as having at least one report to CPS for neglect, physical abuse and/or sexual abuse.Results: Risk status was negatively associated with each of the four developmental outcomes. Children with a history of both FTT and maltreatment had more behavior problems and worse cognitive performance and school functioning than children with neither risk factor. Children with only one risk factor (either FTT or maltreatment) achieved intermediate scores.Conclusions: Findings support a cumulative risk model as being more detrimental to children's development than the presence of a single risk factor alone, consistent with theories linking the accumulation of environmental risks to negative consequences. These results underscore the importance of interventions to prevent both FTT and maltreatment during children's early years. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.