The effect of increased nitrogen load on phytoplankton in a phosphorus-limited lake
The effect of increased nitrogen load on phytoplankton in a phosphorus-limited lake
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磷限制性湖泊中氮负荷增加对浮游植物的影响
DOI：
10.1111/fwb.12829
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发表时间：
1980
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
H. Stibor
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Poxleitner;G. Trommer;Lorenz;H. Stibor
人造肥料的广泛使用以及化石燃料和/或生物质的燃烧向大气中释放了大量的活性氮。到目前为止，增加大气氮沉降的影响主要是在氮有限的湖泊和海洋系统中研究的。有趣的是，在磷限制的湖泊中，额外的氮输入可能不会影响浮游植物生物量，而是主要增加磷限制的程度。为了评估氮负荷增加对磷限制系统中春季浮游植物群落的影响，在贫营养湖泊中进行了围隔实验，其中施加了六个增加的氮浓度梯度。在浮游植物生长的初始阶段，（春季水华），氮磷摩尔比从43增加到72，碳磷摩尔比从328增加到542，表明磷限制增加。三个常用的浮游植物生物量代理（浮游植物生物量，叶绿素和颗粒有机碳）只有轻微的反应，氮富集。不同类群和种类的浮游植物在生长期（春季水华期）和下降期（清水期）对氮浓度的响应不同，总体上，氮浓度升高对浮游植物化学计量和群落组成有影响。观察到的浮游植物群落的变化与异养nanoflagellates和纤毛虫丰度的变化相结合，表明自下而上驱动的基础食物网的变化，由于氮负荷增加。
Widespread use of artificial fertilisers and the burning of fossil fuels and/or biomass release a large amount of reactive nitrogen into the atmosphere. So far, the effects of increasing nitrogen deposition from the atmosphere have mainly been studied in nitrogen‐limited limnic and marine systems. Interestingly, in phosphorus‐limited lakes, additional nitrogen input might not affect phytoplankton biomass, but rather increase mainly the degree of phosphorus limitation. The resulting effects on plankton communities are difficult to predict and quantify.To estimate the effects of increasing nitrogen load on a spring phytoplankton community in a primarily phosphorus‐limited system, a mesocosm experiment was performed in an oligotrophic lake, in which a gradient of six increasing nitrogen enrichment levels was applied.During the initial phytoplankton growth phase (spring bloom), molar, seston nitrogen:phosphorus ratios increased from 43 to 72 and carbon:phosphorus ratios from 328 to 542 with increasing nitrogen enrichment, indicating increased phosphorus limitation. Three commonly used phytoplankton biomass proxies (phytoplankton biovolume, chlorophyllaand particulate organic carbon) showed only minor responses to nitrogen enrichment. Different groups and species of phytoplankton varied in their responses to the nitrogen enrichment in both the growth phase (spring bloom) and the descending phase (clear water phase).Overall, we detected an effect of nitrogen enrichment on phytoplankton stoichiometry and community composition. The observed changes in the phytoplankton community combined with changes in abundances of heterotrophic nanoflagellates and ciliates indicate bottom‐up driven alterations of the basal food web due to increased nitrogen loads.
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