Sustainable Development Frontiers: Is 'Sustainable' Cocoa Delivering Development and Reducing Deforestation?
Sustainable Development Frontiers: Is 'Sustainable' Cocoa Delivering Development and Reducing Deforestation?
复制标题
可持续发展前沿：“可持续”可可能否促进发展并减少森林砍伐？
DOI：
10.1111/dech.12781
复制
发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Lock W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lock W
森林边界是可持续发展的重要领域，因为它们将制止砍伐森林的需要与农村贫穷的挑战结合在一起。在秘鲁的圣马丁地区，“生产、保护和包容”模式结合了保护、经济发展和社会包容的叙述，可以被定义为“可持续发展前沿”。本文探讨了这种可持续发展边界如何改变它们所在地的社会、经济和生态结果。作者审查了与保护和发展目标有关的可持续可可生产的现实，如政府机构、国际机构、合作社和秘鲁的巧克力品牌所推动的那样，并展示了如何，自相矛盾的，可持续性目标加强生产，吸引小农户进入森林前沿地区。在这种情况下，对可持续商品需求的激增无意中创造了鼓励森林地区进一步殖民化的条件，导致森林砍伐、生态退化和经济不稳定的情况继续增加。因此，可持续发展的叙述可以加强商品集约化，因为它们掩盖了替代办法，重现了传统的前沿动态。
Forest frontiers are important areas for sustainable development as they combine the need to halt deforestation with the challenges of rural poverty. In the region of San Martín, Peru, the ‘Production, Protection and Inclusion’ model combines narratives of conservation, economic development and social inclusion in what can be defined as a ‘sustainable development frontier’. This article asks how such sustainable development frontiers change social, economic and ecological outcomes in the localities where they are found. The authors examine the reality of sustainable cocoa production linked to conservation and development goals, as promoted by government bodies, international agencies, cooperatives and chocolate brands in Peru, and show how, paradoxically, sustainability goals intensify production and attract smallholders into forest frontier areas. In doing so, the boom in demand for sustainable commodities has inadvertently created conditions encouraging further colonization of forested areas leading to a continuing rise in deforestation, ecological degradation and economic instability. Narratives of sustainable development can thus reinforce commodity intensification, as they obscure alternative approaches and reproduce traditional frontier dynamics.