Interventions to prevent HIV risk behaviors.
Interventions to prevent HIV risk behaviors.
复制标题
预防艾滋病毒危险行为的干预措施。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
W. Cates
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Coutinho;W. Cates
目的
为卫生保健提供者、患者和公众提供对可能降低艾滋病毒感染风险的行为干预方法的负责任评估。
参与者
一个非联邦，非倡导者，12名成员组成的小组，代表精神病学，心理学，行为和社会科学，社会工作和流行病学领域。此外，15名精神病学、心理学、行为和社会科学、社会工作和流行病学专家向专家组和1000名会议观众提交了数据。
证据
通过Medline检索文献，并向专家组和会议观众提供广泛的参考书目。专家们编写了摘要，并引用了相关文献。科学证据优先于临床经验。
共识过程
该小组回答预先确定的问题，根据公开论坛和科学文献中提出的科学证据得出结论。小组编写了一份声明草稿，全文宣读并分发给专家和听众征求意见。此后，专家组解决了相互矛盾的建议，并在会议结束时发布了一份修订后的声明。专家组在会议结束后几周内完成了修订。
结论
减少艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险的行为干预措施是有效的，应广泛传播。必须取消对针头交换计划的立法限制，因为这种立法构成了实现强大方法潜力的主要障碍，并使数百万人面临不必要的风险。必须消除阻碍针对青年的有效方案的立法障碍。虽然禁欲是一个理想的目标，但方案必须包括安全性行为的指导。药物滥用治疗计划的资金侵蚀必须停止，因为研究数据清楚地表明，这些计划减少了危险的药物滥用行为，往往消除了药物滥用本身。最后，新的研究必须侧重于新出现的风险群体，如年轻人，特别是同性恋者和少数民族成员，以及妇女，在这些群体中，艾滋病毒传染给子女仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题。
OBJECTIVE
To provide health care providers, patients, and the general public with a responsible assessment of behavioral intervention methods that may reduce the risk of HIV infection.
PARTICIPANTS
A non-Federal, nonadvocate, 12-member panel representing the fields of psychiatry, psychology, behavioral and social science, social work, and epidemiology. In addition, 15 experts in psychiatry, psychology, behavioral and social science, social work, and epidemiology presented data to the panel and a conference audience of 1,000.
EVIDENCE
The literature was searched through Medline and an extensive bibliography of references was provided to the panel and the conference audience. Experts prepared abstracts with relevant citations from the literature. Scientific evidence was given precedence over clinical anecdotal experience.
CONSENSUS PROCESS
The panel, answering predefined questions, developed its conclusions based on the scientific evidence presented in open forum and the scientific literature. The panel composed a draft statement that was read in its entirety and circulated to the experts and the audience for comment. Thereafter, the panel resolved conflicting recommendations and released a revised statement at the end of the conference. The panel finalized the revisions within a few weeks after the conference.
CONCLUSIONS
Behavioral interventions to reduce risk for HIV/AIDS are effective and should be disseminated widely. Legislative restriction on needle exchange programs must be lifted because such legislation constitutes a major barrier to realizing the potential of a powerful approach and exposes millions of people to unnecessary risk. Legislative barriers that discourage effective programs aimed at youth must be eliminated. Although sexual abstinence is a desirable objective, programs must include instruction on safer sex behaviors. The erosion of funding for drug abuse treatment programs must be halted because research data clearly show that such programs reduce risky drug abuse behavior and often eliminate drug abuse itself. Finally, new research must focus on emerging risk groups such as young people, particularly those who are gay and who are members of ethnic minority groups, and women, in whom transmission of the HIV virus to their children remains a major public health problem.