Regionalization of the antiviral response in the gastrointestinal tract to provide spatially controlled host/pathogen interactions.
Regionalization of the antiviral response in the gastrointestinal tract to provide spatially controlled host/pathogen interactions.
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胃肠道作为最大的粘膜表面，在保护宿主免受病原体感染方面起着关键作用。它是抵御肠道病毒的第一道防线，必须采取行动控制感染，同时保持对胃肠道内发现的高共生细菌负荷的耐受性。胃肠道可以分为六个主要部分(胃、十二指肠、空肠、回肠、结肠和直肠)，肠道病原体已经进化到感染胃肠道的不同部分。位于胃肠道的肠上皮细胞(IECs)具有免疫活性，并能通过其固有的免疫反应对抗这些感染。I型和III型干扰素(IFN)是抗病毒的细胞因子，在保护IECs免受病毒感染方面发挥着关键作用，其中III型干扰素是最重要的。最近的工作表明，来自胃肠道不同部分的IEC显示了一种独特的模式识别受体表达，用于对抗病原体感染。此外，研究还表明，这些细胞对肠道病毒表现出部分特异性的反应。这篇简短的综述将讨论IECS用来检测和对抗肠道病毒的分子策略，突出存在于胃肠道尾轴的差异。我们将就这些空间控制的机制如何影响病毒的趋向性提供一个视角，并讨论肠道微环境如何进一步塑造IECS对病毒感染的反应。
As the largest mucosal surface, the gastrointestinal (GI) tract plays a key role in protecting the host against pathogen infections. It is a first line of defense against enteric viruses and must act to control infection while remaining tolerant to the high commensal bacteria load found within the GI tract. The GI tract can be divided into six main sections (stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, and rectum), and enteric pathogens have evolved to infect distinct parts of the GI tract. The intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) lining the GI tract are immune competent and can counteract these infections through their intrinsic immune response. Type I and type III interferons (IFNs) are antiviral cytokines that play a key role in protecting IECs against viruses with the type III IFN being the most important. Recent work has shown that IECs derived from the different sections of the GI tract display a unique expression of pattern recognition receptors used to fight pathogen infections. Additionally, it was also shown that these cells show a section-specific response to enteric viruses. This mini-review will discuss the molecular strategies used by IECs to detect and combat enteric viruses highlighting the differences existing along the entero-caudal axis of the GI tract. We will provide a perspective on how these spatially controlled mechanisms may influence virus tropism and discuss how the intestinal micro-environment may further shape the response of IECs to virus infections.
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影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Elmentaite R;Ross ADB;Roberts K;James KR;Ortmann D;Gomes T;Nayak K;Tuck L;Pritchard S;Bayraktar OA;Heuschkel R;Vallier L;Teichmann SA;Zilbauer M
通讯作者：
Zilbauer M
影响因子：
6
作者：
Cario, E;Brown, D;Podolsky, DK
通讯作者：
Podolsky, DK
影响因子：
7.3
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Dixit E;Boulant S;Zhang Y;Lee AS;Odendall C;Shum B;Hacohen N;Chen ZJ;Whelan SP;Fransen M;Nibert ML;Superti-Furga G;Kagan JC
通讯作者：
Kagan JC
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Hakim MS;Chen S;Ding S;Yin Y;Ikram A;Ma XX;Wang W;Peppelenbosch MP;Pan Q
通讯作者：
Pan Q