Disease management in commercial bumble bee mass rearing, using production methods, multiplex PCR detection techniques, and regulatory assessment
Disease management in commercial bumble bee mass rearing, using production methods, multiplex PCR detection techniques, and regulatory assessment
复制标题
DOI：
10.1080/00218839.2016.1173352
复制
发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Solter, Leellen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang, Wei-Fone;Skyrm, Kim;Solter, Leellen
最近的关注病原体从管理熊蜂和蜜蜂传播到当地自然种群的熊蜂和其他本地传粉者的潜力，导致了一些本地熊蜂物种的下降病原体引进的作用的问题。这符合大黄蜂饲养业的利益，当管理的蜂群健康和充满活力时，大黄蜂饲养业最成功，并且蜜蜂被引入的环境安全，以确保管理的蜜蜂不是疾病的焦点。使用大体病理学和光学显微镜的视觉检测方法，虽然如果遵循彻底的检查程序通常是有效的，但具有仅在成熟到可传播阶段后才检测大多数病原体的缺点。Koppert Biological Systems是目前在美国饲养熊蜂的唯一一家公司，该公司已经制定了一种使用多重实时PCR的检测方法，以评估菌落中是否存在三种病原体，即Nosema bombi，Crithidia bombi和Apicystis bombi，所有慢性病原体都有可能在饲养设施中建立高流行率。加上严格的检查系统，PCR方法确保这些病原体被快速检测并被消除。
Recent concerns about the potential for pathogens to be transmitted from managed bumble bees and honey bees to local natural populations of bumble bees and other native pollinators have resulted in questions about the role of pathogen introductions in declines of some native Bombus species. It is in the interest of the bumble bee rearing industry, which succeeds best when managed colonies are healthy and vigorous, and the safety of the environment into which the bees are introduced, to ensure that managed bees are not foci of disease. Visual detection methods using gross pathology and light microscopy, while generally efficacious if a thorough inspection routine is followed, have the disadvantage of detecting most pathogens only after maturation to the transmissible stage. Koppert Biological Systems, the only company currently rearing bumble bees in the US, has instituted a detection method using multiplex real-time PCR to evaluate colonies for presence of three pathogens, Nosema bombi, Crithidia bombi, and Apicystis bombi, all chronic pathogens with potential to build to high prevalence in rearing facilities. Added to a rigorous inspection system, PCR methods ensure that these pathogens are detected quickly and are eliminated.