Origin and Early Evolution of Angiosperms
Origin and Early Evolution of Angiosperms
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DOI：
10.1196/annals.1438.005
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Soltis, Pamela S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Solds, Douglas E.;Bell, Charles D.;Soltis, Pamela S.
古植物学、系统遗传学、基因组学、发育生物学和发育遗传学的贡献，使我们对达尔文的“可憎之谜”——被子植物的起源和快速多样化——有了深刻的了解。形态学和分子数据的分析揭示了一个修订的“花药植物分支”，包括化石舌蕨、Pentoxylon、Bennettitales和Caytonia，它们是被子植物的姐妹。对冠群被子植物年龄的分子估计已经集中在1.4 - 1.8亿年前（Ma），比最古老的化石（132 Ma）更早，这表明更古老的化石仍有待发现。最早的被子植物是森林灌木（黑暗和扰动假说）还是水生草本植物（潮湿和野生假说）尚不清楚。睡莲类（睡莲）的近基础系统发育位置，其中可能包括著名的始祖化石，肯定表明水生习性出现得较早。在最初的、早期的“实验”之后，被子植物迅速繁殖(
Contributions from paleobotany, phylogenetics, genomics, developmental biology, and developmental genetics have yielded tremendous insight into Darwin's "abominable mystery"-the origin and rapid diversification of the angiosperms. Analyses of morphological and molecular data reveal a revised "anthophyte clade" consisting of the fossils glossopterids, Pentoxylon, Bennettitales, and Caytonia as sister to angiosperms. Molecular estimates of the age of crown group angiosperms have converged on 140-180 million years ago (Ma), older than the oldest fossils (132 Ma), suggesting that older fossils remain to be discovered. Whether the first angiosperms were forest shrubs (dark-and-disturbed hypothesis) or aquatic herbs (wet-and-wild hypothesis) remains unclear. The near-basal phylogenetic position of Nymphaeales (water lilies), which may include the well-known fossil Archaefructus, certainly indicates that the aquatic habit arose early. After initial, early "experiments," angiosperms radiated rapidly (