Slope failure and volcanic spreading along the submarine south flank of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii
Slope failure and volcanic spreading along the submarine south flank of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii
复制标题
夏威夷基拉韦厄火山海底南侧的斜坡失稳和火山蔓延
DOI：
10.1029/2003jb002411
复制
发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Clague
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Morgan;G. Moore;D. Clague
基拉韦厄火山海底斜坡上新的多通道反射数据和高分辨率测深技术为当前和先前的滑坡提供了证据，表明斜坡破坏、再生和火山扩张之间存在动态相互作用。基拉韦厄火山侧翼上游的破碎地层显示出一个连贯的滑塌，与活跃的希利纳滑塌有关。滑塌主要由斜坡沉积物组成，下面是3-5公里深的滑脱层。沿上侧翼的伸展和下沉由滑塌趾的隆起和褶皱来补偿，滑塌趾在海底侧翼的中间位置出现。帕帕乌海山地层的隆升和基拉韦厄西边界地表特征的偏移表明，滑塌已向南-东南方向偏移了~ 3 km。这一轨迹与陆地上Hilina滑塌块的同震和连续地面位移相匹配，并与爬行南翼其余部分的东南辐散形成对比。在东北部，斜坡沉积物变薄，在中央侧翼的凹陷区域内被破坏，表明最近发生了灾难性的斜坡破坏。火山侧翼坍塌的碎片散落在基拉韦厄火山前的护城河中，形成了一个巨大的停机坪。基拉韦厄侧面的向海滑动使这些沉积物脱落，形成了一个广阔的前缘台阶。长凳的后面和浮雕的侧翼上方形成了一个宽阔的盆地。年轻盆地填充物的隆起和后倾表明最近的、可能正在进行的台阶生长。希拉里的低迷现在冲击着前座；这种支撑可能会减少未来灾难性脱离的可能性。
[1] New multichannel reflection data and high-resolution bathymetry over the submarine slopes of Kilauea volcano provide evidence for current and prior landsliding, suggesting a dynamic interplay among slope failure, regrowth, and volcanic spreading. Disrupted strata along the upper reaches of Kilauea's flank denote a coherent slump, correlated with the active Hilina slump. The slump comprises mostly slope sediments, underlain by a detachment 3–5 km deep. Extension and subsidence along the upper flank is compensated by uplift and folding of the slump toe, which surfaces about midway down the submarine flank. Uplift of strata forming Papa`u seamount and offset of surface features along the western boundary of Kilauea indicate that the slump has been displaced ∼3 km in a south-southeast direction. This trajectory matches coseismic and continuous ground displacements for the Hilina slump block on land, and contrasts with the southeast vergence of the rest of the creeping south flank. To the northeast, slope sediments are thinned and disrupted within a recessed region of the central flank, demonstrating catastrophic slope failure in the recent past. Debris from the collapsed flank was shed into the moat in front of Kilauea, building an extensive apron. Seaward sliding of Kilauea's flank offscraped these deposits to build an extensive frontal bench. A broad basin formed behind the bench and above the embayed flank. Uplift and back tilting of young basin fill indicate recent, and possibly ongoing, bench growth. The Hilina slump now impinges upon the frontal bench; this buttress may tend to reduce the likelihood of future catastrophic detachment.