Ion-solvent interaction and the viscosity of strong-electrolyte solutions
Ion-solvent interaction and the viscosity of strong-electrolyte solutions
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离子-溶剂相互作用和强电解质溶液的粘度
DOI：
10.1039/df9572400171
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发表时间：
1957
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Kaminsky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Kaminsky
结果表明，水溶液粘度的温度依赖性与离子-溶剂相互作用有关。在1542.5℃温度范围内，对于不同的电荷类型，由于离子的分离，琼斯和多尔方程中的B系数可以分解为贡献(B&)。提出了Bion值与离子性质和温度的关系的两条规则。结果表明，单离子的Bion值、表观摩尔热容(C，o)和表观摩尔体积($0)表现出几乎相同的温度依赖关系。对于中、高浓度水溶液的粘度变化，除了离子间作用力外，特别是离子-溶剂相互作用(如水化、结构破坏、极化和可能的水解作用)，很难得到令人满意的解释，因为到目前为止，还没有足够的实验数据，特别是关于温度相关性的实验数据。为了提供这一信息，我们最近报道了6个在不同温度和浓度下对强电解质水溶液粘度的精确测量。根据Jones和Dole，7强电解质水溶液的相对粘度与摩尔浓度M之间的关系式为
It is shown that there is a relationship between the temperature dependence of the viscosity of aqueous solutions and the ion-solvent interaction. For the temperature range 1542.5" C and for different charge types, the B-coefficient in Jones and Dole's equation can be split into contributions (B&) due to the separate ions. Two rules are proposed for the dependence of Bion values on the nature of the ions and on the temperature. It is shown that the Bion values, the apparent molal heat capacities (C, o) and apparent molal volumes ($0) of single ions show an almost identical temperature dependence.The satisfactory interpretation of the viscosity changes of aqueous solutions which appear at medium and high concentrations and which depend, apart from interionic forces, particularly on ion-solvent interactions (such as effects of hydration, structure-breaking, polarization and perhaps hydrolysis) is difficult 1-5 because until now adequate experimental data, especially about the temperature dependence, have not been available. To provide this information, we have recently reported 6 precise measurements of the viscosity of aqueous solutions of strong electrolytes at different temperatures and concentrations. According to Jones and Dole, 7 the relative viscosity of aqueous solutions of strong electrolytes is related to the molarity M by the equation