Cigarette smoking as a risk factor for stroke. The Framingham Study.
Cigarette smoking as a risk factor for stroke. The Framingham Study.
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DOI：
10.1001/jama.1988.03720070025028
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发表时间：
1988-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Wolf;R. D’Agostino;W. Kannel;R. Bonita;A. Belanger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Wolf;R. D’Agostino;W. Kannel;R. Bonita;A. Belanger
弗雷明汉心脏研究队列中评估了吸烟对中风发病率的影响，该队列由 4255 名年龄在 36 至 68 岁且无中风和短暂性脑缺血发作的男性和女性组成。在 26 年的随访中，共发生 459 例中风。无论吸烟状况如何，无论性别如何，高血压受试者的中风发病率是其两倍。使用Cox比例风险回归方法，在考虑年龄和高血压后，吸烟与中风显着相关。即使在 Cox 模型中添加了相关的心血管疾病危险因素后，吸烟仍然对中风和脑梗塞的风险产生显着的独立影响。随着吸烟数量的增加，中风的风险也会增加。重度吸烟者（每天超过 40 支烟）中风的相对风险是轻度吸烟者（每天少于 10 支烟）的两倍。戒烟后不久，戒烟者患中风的程度与不吸烟者相同。戒烟后两年，中风风险显着降低，五年后达到不吸烟者的水平。
The impact of cigarette smoking on stroke incidence was assessed in the Framingham Heart Study cohort of 4255 men and women who were aged 36 to 68 years and free of stroke and transient ischemic attacks. During 26 years of follow-up, 459 strokes occurred. Regardless of smoking status and in each sex, hypertensive subjects had twice the incidence of stroke. Using the Cox proportional hazard regression method, smoking was significantly related to stroke after age and hypertension were taken into account. Even after pertinent cardiovascular disease risk factors were added to the Cox model, cigarette smoking continued to make a significant independent contribution to the risk of stroke generally and brain infarction specifically. The risk of stroke increased as the number of cigarettes smoked increased. The relative risk of stroke in heavy smokers (greater than 40 cigarettes per day) was twice that of light smokers (fewer than ten cigarettes per day). Lapsed smokers developed stroke at the same level as nonsmokers soon after stopping. Stroke risk decreased significantly by two years and was at the level of nonsmokers by five years after cessation of cigarette smoking.