Intrinsic Gastrointestinal Macrophages: Their Phenotype and Role in Gastrointestinal Motility.
Intrinsic Gastrointestinal Macrophages: Their Phenotype and Role in Gastrointestinal Motility.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jcmgh.2016.01.003
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发表时间：
2016-03-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Farrugia G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cipriani G;Gibbons SJ;Kashyap PC;Farrugia G
人们越来越认识到巨噬细胞在健康和疾病中调节和维持胃肠道功能的作用。这项工作是在对全身巨噬细胞复杂表型变异的理解不断加深的背景下进行的，并显示了巨噬细胞在胃轻瘫、术后肠梗阻和炎症性肠病等疾病中先前未识别的作用。利用组织驻留巨噬细胞的表型调节的机会已被确定为这些疾病中的一些的可能疗法。此外，巨噬细胞是先天免疫系统的既定组成部分，可以对肠道微生物组的变化和变化做出反应，并可能介导微生物群对肠道健康的部分影响。我们回顾了定义巨噬细胞表型的新概念的最新工作，讨论了肠道中组织驻留巨噬细胞的可能作用机制，解决了微生物组对巨噬细胞表型的影响，并回顾了巨噬细胞在胃肠道动力障碍中的已知和可能作用。
There is an increasing awareness of the role of macrophages in the regulation and maintenance of gastrointestinal function in health and disease. This work has proceeded in the context of an increased understanding of the complex phenotypic variation in macrophages throughout the body and has shown previously unidentified roles for macrophages in diseases such as gastroparesis, postoperative ileus, and inflammatory bowel disease. Opportunities for exploiting the phenotypic modulation of tissue resident macrophages have been identified as possible therapies for some of these diseases. In addition, macrophages are an established component of the innate immune system and can respond to variations and changes in the intestinal microbiome and potentially mediate part of the impact of the microbiota on intestinal health. We reviewed the latest work on novel concepts in defining macrophage phenotype, discuss possible mechanisms of action for tissue-resident macrophages in the gut, address the significance of microbiome effects on macrophage phenotype, and review the known and possible roles of macrophages in motility disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.